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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Online learning are webbased classrooms. According to Musbah and Mohammed (2013), elearning is
rapidly evolving with the use of online learning.
They enable educators and learners to have continous access to course materials, broadcast
announcement, submit and receive feedback on assignment and network. (Lonn & Teasley, 2009).
Advance in elearning are opening new opportunities for distance learning. The use of elearning in
delivery of education has a major implication for learners in institutions. It is widely accepted that
advances in elearning and new development in learning science, provide opportunities to create welldesigned,
learnerscentered, interactive affordable, efficient, flexible online learning environment,higher
education institutions in developing countries such as Nigeria. The term elearning embraces a variety of
electronic delivery media, for example: webbased multimedia, interactive television, virtual classrooms,
video conferencing etc.
However, the degree of sophistication in education through the use of computer has become more
pronounced than ever before, all over the world. Since the world is now a global village, Nigeria cannot
afford to ignore the role which elearning plays in achieving the national goal in technology
development.
In this project, elearning is defined as teaching and learning that are deliverd, supported and enhanced
through other use of digital technologies and media. We consider it mostly off campus learning through
synchronous or asynchronous method which may encompass a few facetoface meeting, but the default
mode occured by distance.
E-learning in Nigeria is still on its infancy stages and there are only a few on line programs. During the
last two decades, the use of internet has been a major problem to the teaching and learning activities.
Students have misuse the use of internet for learning to a fun and distraction media. These made
researchers to disagree with the use of elearning and desire to adopt the traditional method of teaching
and learning.
Nowadays, Elearning has a competitive advantage over traditional method of teaching mathematical
concepts. Often students choose to use this method because they can work at their own pace, they can
take as many or as few classes as they wish, they can study when they have the time, and because elearning
provides 24hours 7days accessibility to course materials, enables student centered teaching
approaches, instructors accessibility, and helps instructors save time. Support is usually provided from
the teachers or professors that mark the student’s course work, and they can be contacted in person, over
the phone, or through email. Online learning enables each student to view another student’s answers and
learn through the exposure to different perspectives through tools like blackboard’s discussion Board and
Chat (Sharing of ideas).
The internet can be used as a supplement to traditional instructional methods, to complement a lecture;
instructors may ask students to find specified web sites to gain more indepth knowledge about a
particular topic. An instructor may also ask students to search the internet for information on services
offered in a particular location. In preparation for a class topic, students may be asked to search the
internet to learn about different organization groups or populations of a particular aspect.
The internet facilities may also be used to replace the traditional calssroom lecture. A number of courses
are being developed in which portions of the course or the entire courseware are offered via the internet.
The instructor may place course notes on web pages, may create a video recording of a live lecture for
viewing on the internet, or use combinations of these ideas. Foryth (2008) discussed several methods of
preparing courses for the internet including facilitating the use of video clips on web pages as the use of
forms and other graphics on web pages.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A lot of research work have been carried out in the area of elearning. Some Authors have been able to
establish the fact that the use of elearning approach contrary to the traditional approach brings a lot of
improvement to our educational system, most especially at secondary school and post secondary school
level. However, enough efforts have not been made in the area of studying the effects of elearning on
the teaching and learning of mathematical concepts in our various universities.
Therefore, This research work is to find out the effects of Elearning on teaching and learning of
mathematical concepts at the university level. Though, University of Ibadan is to be used as a case study,
The result obtained will still be applicable in some other tertiary institutions.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is to analyse the impact of Elearning on teaching and learning of
mathematical concept using University of Ibadan as a case study.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work serves as an eye opener to all stakeholders with specific regard to the usefulness of elearning
in the teaching and learning process most especially in the handling of mathematical concepts.
This reserch work would be of paramount impotance in the following area:
1. It helps the curriculum developer to know how best to incorporate th concepts of elearning in to
the university curriculum.
2. The result of this study will also assist parents to decide whether there is a need to provide
computer facilities for their children or not.
3. It may will serve as a yastic to measure educational standards of our various universities especially
when compared with their contemporary in diaspora.
4. It may serve as a source of motivation to government to provide the basic ICT facilities in our
Universities and some other tertiary institutions.
5. It may also charge the University administrators to buckle up in the area of providing more ICT
facilities for their various institutions.
6. The result of this research may also motivate the students to learn more about the use and
applications of ICT especially about the Elearning tools.
7. On the part of the lecturers,the result obtained may motivate them to attend more conferences,
workshop, seminars to update their knowledge in the area of using elearning tools in teaching of
mathematical concepts.
8. Finally, the result obtained may enable our student to compete favourably with their contemporary
in the external world.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study is designed to be carried out in the university of Ibadan, in Ibadan, but due to short
time allotted for the completion of the study, the researcher find it difficult to cover the entire population
in the higher institution (university of Ibadan). There are many obstacles millitating against a large scale
research, the major one among them is poor state of the nations economy. If not for the difficulty in
getting enough funds, the research will have been spread to other Universities to carry out some findings.
Another problem encountered during the conduct of this study is the inadequate information supplied by
the respondent. Some respondent feel reluctant to supply correct information.
1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of this study, the following conceptual terms are used.
1. COMPUTER: It is an electronic device (machine) that accepts data (Inputs) and processes
data into a meaningful output called information.
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithemetic
or logical operations authomatically, since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the
computer can solve more than one kind of problem.
2. INTERNET: The internet is a global network of computer that communicate using a common
language. It is simpler to the international telephone system with the single exception that is one
aims or control the whole thing.
Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers. Is a massive network of networks, a
networking infrastructure.
3. ELECTRONIC LEARNING (ELEARNING): is a type type for all types of Technology
Enhancing Learning (TEL).
Elearning is an online education defined as the selfpaced or real time delivery of training and
education over the internet to an enduser device. (Lee & Lee, 2006)
Elearning is the delivery of a learning, a training or education program by electronic means (Li, Lau, & Dharmeudran, 2009).
4. TECHNOLOGY ENHANCING LANGUAGE (TEL): This has the goal to provide social
tchnical innovations.
5. TEACHING: This is the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowlege
or skills; the job or profession of teacher. It is something that is taught; the ideas and beliefs that
are taught by a person,religion etc.
6. LEARNING: is a process through which there is a change in behaviour in order to solve a
problem arising within the situation environment.
Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge, behaviors,
skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.
7. MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS:This is a general idea behind an equation problem or
formula in math. A math concept explains why math works in a certain way.
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