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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
In organizational psychology, it is frequently expressed that
job performances is a function of ability and motivation. Performance can be
regarded as almost any behaviour which is directed towards task or goal
accomplishment. The importance of motivation and its effects on employees’
performance and retention is recognized by many organizations today. Good
performance among employees in an organization has many implications such as
high motivation among employees, outstanding ability, good organizational climate
and infrastructure excellent leadership that can sustain rapport and
productivity and good relationship among staff. Job motivation is important to
the effectiveness of an organization.
In educational organization, significantly, job satisfaction
and motivation are very essential to the continuing growth of educational
system around the world. The relevance of job satisfaction and motivation are
very crucial to the long term growth of any educational system. They are ranked
alongside with professional knowledge and skills, center competencies
educational resources and strategies as the veritable determinants of
educational success and performance. Professional knowledge, skills and centre
competencies occur when one feels effective in one’s behaviour. In other words,
professional knowledge skills and competencies can be seen when one is taking
on the mastering challenging tasks directed at educational success and
performance. Needs satisfaction and motivation to work are very essential in
the lives of teachers because they form the fundamental reason for working in
life. An economics teachers who is highly achievement motivated would tend to
be very conscientious in his or her work and tend to be more responsible while
almost every economics teacher works in order to satisfy other needs in lye
he/she constantly agitates for needs satisfaction, that is why motivation is
said to be the activation or energization of goal oriented behaviour.
Motivation is defined as some kind of internal drive which pushes someone to do
things in order to achieve something (Hairnes 2001) Achievement motivation
becomes the driving factor for future understanding and can be defined as a
predisposition to strive for success.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It is assumed that teachers’ agitation and demand are beyond
the resources of the ministry of education or the government. As a result the
Nigerian Government and Union of Teachers (NUT) are in constant
stand-off over the increase in salaries benefits and improvement in teachers
working conditions. The Federal and State Government have argued during the
National Council on Education (NCE) meeting which held in Kano 2002 that the
present economic realities in the country cannot sustain the demand of
teachers.
In economics education, it is obvious that without economics
teachers there will be no economist in the nation. It becomes a basic necessity
if the nation is to advance in economic development and keep abreast with other
nations of the world. The problem is that economies teachers have no union
unlike other subjects like mathematics, English to mention but this two. They
only depend of the Nigerian Union of Teachers (NUT).
The government position concerns the job performance of
teachers as they accuse the teachers of negligence, laziness and lack of
dedication and zeal to work. It is realized that the act of neglecting the
request for salary increment, incentives and better working condition of the
economics teachers would adversely affect and in fact retard the economic development
of the nation in future.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main focus of this study is to investigate the effect of
motivation on economics teachers’ performance in, Nigeria. Specifically, it
sought to:
1. Find out the effect of motivation on economics teachers
performance;
2. Explain job satisfaction and economics teachers work
motivation in relation to Nigerian teachers’ needs satisfaction for school
effectiveness; and
3. Assess the differences and relationship between the level
of teachers job satisfaction, motivation and performance.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are the effects of motivation on economics teachers’
performance?
2. What are the factors that tend to motivate economics
teachers in terms of needs satisfaction and job performance?
3. What is the view of Ministry of Education on motivation
and its effect on economics teachers’ performance?
4. What are the benefits of having highly motivated economics
teachers?
5. What is the importance of needs satisfaction and job
motivation in the life of economics teacher?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
1. There is no significant relationship between factors that
tend to motivate teachers in terms of job satisfaction and teachers
performance.
2. There is no significant difference between needs satisfaction
and economics teachers job motivation.
3. There is no significant difference between motivation and
economics teachers’ performance.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings arrived at this study shall contribute to the
continuing growth of educational system in Nigeria and around the world. This
study would help in describing or explaining the pivotal role of motivation on
the needs satisfaction of economics teachers in Nigeria. The result of this
study would also help educationist and policy makers in emphasizing the
need for the inclusion on motivation packages for economics teachers so as to
prepare them for better performance.
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF
THE STUDY
This study investigated the effect of motivation on economics
teachers’ performance in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State. It
addressed issues such as effects of motivations on economics teachers’
performance, benefits of having highly motivated economics teachers, importance
of needs satisfaction and job motivation, government view of motivation and job
performance of economics teachers.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ECONOMICS: A study of how a society organizes its trade money and
industry.
EDUCATION: This is the process of teaching, training and leaving in
the school to improve knowledge and develop skills.
MOTIVATION: This is referred as the degree of readiness of an
organization to pursue some designated, goals and implies the determination of
the nature and locus of the forces that maintains degree of readiness.
NEEDS: Things that somebody requires in order to live in a
comfortable way or achieve whatever they want.
ORGANIZATION: A group of people who form a business together in other to
achieve a particular aim.
PERFORMANCE: This is regarded as almost any behaviour which is directed
towards task or goal accomplishment.
RELATIONSHIP: This is a way in which two people or group of people or
things behave towards each other or deal with each other. SATISFACTION: The good feeling that you have when you have achieved your
aim.
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