THE ROLE OF MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION IN IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ORGANIZATION
ABSTRACT
This research work was undertaken to examine how the employees of Anccor Foods and Packaging Ltd. More motivated and job satisfied. The involves in effect weighing the sum total influences in the job, the nature of the sum of total influences gives rise to positive feeling that is motivation and it also lead to satisfaction. In surveying the role of motivation and job satisfaction in improving the performance of organization, seen research question were asked to guide the induct of the study. In this research, collecting and analyzing data collected from the entire population of the main branch in Enugu studies the branch. Questionnaires was prepared and distributed the data collected were analyzed using the frequency table and percentage of responses. Findings from the study showed that there is significant different in the level of performance between employees whose firms meet their physiological and psychological needs and those whose needs are not meet by their employers. Also, there is significant different in the employees and those that use psychological needs it was deduced that there is relationship between high productivity and adequate. Inferred was also made that there is significant prospects for promotion and advancement. The recommendations made were that management should try to adhere to the guidelines stipulated with regards to promotion, management should endeavor to review upwards all employees allowances and it should constantly train its workers.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Motivation refers to those process that influence the arousal, strength on direction of behaviour for example depriving oneself of good for a long time results in increasing in the strength of your tendency to approach food. According to David Off (1987) it is an internal state that may result from a need. It is to be reviewed as activating or avoiding behaviour usually directed towards fulfilling the instigating need. Motivation simply means the determinant of behaviour, when we need an answer to a question we will get is the motive or motivation.Job satisfaction is the feeling that an employer has about job. Job satisfaction can be influenced by very many different factors and the determinant of such factors varied. The behaviour consequence of each many factors very from one individual to another. For a worker to be satisfied with his job he must have the skill to perform the job, and management on their own should constantly review up wards all employers allowances and promotion and always try to improve the nature of job (AGU E.M et al 2016).
The term motivation and job satisfaction is derived from the implicit assumption that motivated and satisfied worker produces more. Motivated and satisfied employers are those who as helping them to accomplish their important goals (Stoner 2014). It also contributes immensely to the aims and objective of the organization. Man is not self sufficient and thus has to be employed in order to have a sources of income and good living. As human beings we have needs and this vary from one individual to another. And as ones needs are satisfied more keeps on emerging. This is borne out of the economic concept that human needs are insatiable. The concept of motivation and job satisfaction has to do with the total body of feelings than an individual has about his job. The total body feelings involves in effect weighing the sum total of influences the job the nature of the supervising etc. When the sum total of influence one rise to feeling of demotivation and dissatisfaction the individual is job dissatisfied.
The ability of one to prove one and on any of these influence will lead to satisfaction and conversely making less satisfaction any one o these influence will lead to job dissatisfaction (Lie, 2015). Generally, there is need for one to be satisfied with his job. Some works are very demanding in terms of time, energy and specialized skills. Some employers for example some bank workers close late because of the sensitive nature of their job and taking crucial decisions on customers request for loans and advances with minimum delay. In fact, as Strauss (2014) Put it, the average man spent nearly a third of his working hours on job if the job foes not provide challenges with the autonomy, he may suffer frustration with the results that are costly both to himself and his employers.From the above therefore some intrinsic factors are paramount in making a particular job interesting and the making employers skills, training job.
The author maintains that the extrinsic factors include good salary, allowances, promotion and prestige due to the job. Despite the variation in what makes an individual satisfied, some factors are therefore inevitable for example, what will make an associate of the chartered institute of bankers (ACIB) or first degree holder satisfied with his jon may not necessarily be the same with what motivates a messenger with no qualification, however both will need protection against old age (pension scheme) job security, housing, program, good transport system a good environment in addition in addition to some intrinsic factors mentioned above. It should however be noted that what makes a job satisfying or dissatisfying does not depend only on the nature of the job but also on the expectation that individuals have what their job should provide (Webber 1975:341). The management has a specific fasts of knowing what conditions of service to all employers from different cultural sitting and values diversified interest and educational qualification complied with varied needs and motivates to belend with the compare objective of the organization what necessary having any conflict with union.
The economic importance of job satisfaction of workers to the management cannot be under estimated in areas such as productivity absenteeism, labour turnover etc. Lack of staff satisfaction with their jobs will lead to mental and physical frustration. The effect of this singular factor in the bank for an example is that tempted to change over might and varied involve himself in fraudulent practice that is capable of famishing not only h is image but also the reputation of the bank and subsequent loss of money.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The level of performance of every employee will depend on how the worker is motivated to some psychological needs while some depends on psychological needs, some one motivated by the combination of both types-psychological and physiological needs some organization tends to neglect motivating their employees. They forget to understand that when an employee is motivated he is bond to produce exceptionally. Thus there is no individual who is neither motivated nor satisfied with his or her job that can produce as required. Research has been conducted in many establishments to find out how employees one motivated as well as satisfied with their jobs. But there is no such repent in ANCOOR FOODS AND PACKING LIMITED, as most of the information available has not been based on field research. The problem now is what makes an employee to be motivated and satisfied.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The general purpose of this study is to find out how the employees of ANCCOR FOODS NIGERIA LIMITED, are motivated and satisfied with their job, specially the purpose of this study include:
(i) To find out what constitute job satisfaction to employees, whether uniform or it varies from one individual to another.
(ii) To evaluate some of the incentive given by the Anccor Foods to make employees satisfied with their job.
(iii) To examine the prospects and problems associated with motivation and job satisfaction and to make useful recommendation to workers and management.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research will be limited finding out the role of motivation and job satisfaction among the employees of ANCCOR FOODS ENUGU. This survey study work will be based on their methods of leadership promotion, prospects, remuneration, training incentives security etc.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
The following research will be used for the study:
(1) What makes an employee to be motivated and satisfied with his job?
(2) What constitutes job satisfaction and what does an employee expect from his employer
(3) Are their relationship between high productivity, prospects for promotion and advancement?
(4) Are you satisfied with annual appraisal and the increment in salary recommend for you at end of the year?
(5) Is there positive relation between motivation and performance
(6) Does your salary justify your input to the job.
(7) Is there any relationship between higher productivity and adequate training as well as application of professional knowledge.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This survey work is as important as objective and growth of any business organization. No business itself cannot operate without employees. In other to make profit therefore, the employers must work in an understanding and satisfied atmosphere, so that one will not want the effort of other. This study will reveals ways of manitanining an acceptable conducive atmosphere at the work place and variable guarantee peace and harmony. The study will also reveal ways of getting maximum input from the employees which will lead to greater productivity, efficiency and competitiveness.
Among it’s counter parts in the industry furthermore the study will contribute to knowledge of ways of reducing contain a good industrial harmony in the organization. The findings of this research will help in proving relevant information regarding what motivates an employee and how he is satisfied with his job. The findings will form the basic for decision making and for recommendation.
1.7 DEFINITION OF THE TERMS
JOB: The work an individual does for a living
MOTIVATION: It refers to the way, urge drive and needs towards an action.
JOB SATISFACTION: This is a positive feeling or expectation of an individual concerning this job.
INSTRINSIC: This is the external reward force, which energises individual to perform.
EXTRINSIC: This is the external reward force or drive Imposed which has to power to induce one to perform.
EGO: This is needs which an individual has for a high evaluation of himself achievement status, recognition and sense of being wanted and appreciated by all.
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS: These are basic needs like food, shelter clothing etc.
