The abstract must contain a heading that includes a project title and name(s) of the author(s). The heading does not contribute to the word count. The purpose of an abstract is to provide a summary of the project that will inform interested individuals of the contents. The wording must be written in a manner that any scientifically minded individual, who may not be familiar with the topic, can quickly understand the project’s important points. Keep the wording brief and concise and use complete sentences. Summarize in a few sentences: 1. Background information necessary to understand the project and its importance 2. The problem that was investigated and the hypothesis or technological design statement 3. Outline the materials and methods used in the actual experimentation 4. Summary of the results obtained from experimentation 5. The conclusions drawn from results 6. The importance or potential applications that the research offers b) Research Report: *REQUIRED for all Student Participants* The following statement is REQUIRED to be signed by both student and parent: *Scientific fraud and misconduct are not condoned at any level of research or competition. Such practices include plagiarism, forgery, use or presentation of other researcher’s work as one’s own, and fabrication of data. Fraudulent projects will fail to qualify for competition in affiliated fairs or the Intel ISEF. All written reports and log books must disclose and cite where appropriate the specific source(s) of the idea for the project. Citations must be fully documented with references such as author(s), date, publication and URL if website. The Ohio Journal of Science follows the citation and reference plan of the 8th Edition of Scientific Style and Format: The CSE (Council of Science Editors) Manual for Authors, Editors and Publishers.