THE INTOLERABLE BURDEN OF MALARIA: WHAT’S NEW, WHAT’S NEEDED. PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD PAN-AFRICAN MIM CONFERENCE. NOVEMBER, 18-20, 2002. ARUSHA, TANZANIA.

“The Intolerable Burden of Malaria: II. What’s New, What’s Needed” aims to strengthen the capacity of scientists and control workers and their institutions to address the burden of malaria through research and development of sciencebased policies and actions in the malarious countries. Ultimately, this research and its application will result in the elimination of malaria from Africa and other intransigent foci. We are grateful to the three organizations that have provided the major impetus to realization of this supplement. The Multilateral Initiative on Malaria (MIM) began in 1997 and aims “to strengthen and sustain, through collaborative research and training, the capability of malaria-endemic countries in Africa to carry out research required to develop and improve tools for malaria control” and to strengthen the research-control interface. The Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries Project (DCPP) was launched in 2002 “to assess disease control priorities and produce sciencebased analyses and resource materials to inform health policy-making in developing countries” to decrease morbidity, mortality, disability, and their economic consequences. The Fogarty International Center (FIC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), was a MIM founding partner, and has led, housed, and fully supported the coordinating Secretariats for MIM (1999 to 2002) and DCPP (2002 to the present). The FIC “promotes and supports scientific discovery internationally and mobilizes resources to reduce disparities in global health.” We thank the following agencies and organizations for their generous financial support that enabled the supplement’s publication and distribution: the Academy for Educational Development; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the Burroughs Wellcome Fund; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the FIC, NIH; the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; the MIM; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH; the National Library of Medicine (NLM), NIH; the Malaria Vaccine Initiative at the Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health (PATH); the Regional Office for Africa, WHO; the Rockefeller Foundation; the Roll Back Malaria Department, WHO; the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization (TDR/WHO); the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; the United Nations Foundation; the United States Agency for International Development; the Wellcome Trust and the World Bank. Special appreciation goes to the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene and many other individuals who supported the development and publication of this supplement, especially the authors of the articles and James Kazura, editor of The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Encouragement, guidance, and help in highlighting the malaria burden and in mobilizing resources and disseminating this supplement were kindly provided by Sharon Hrynkow, Gerald Keusch, Richard Miller, and Lauren Sikes of the FIC, Julia Royall of the NLM, and Amy McGuire, Juli Staiano, Lysander Vereen, Michael Lee, and Tibberly Richard of the Foundation for NIH. We are particularly grateful to Cherice Holloway (FIC, NIH) and Cathi Siegel (American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) whose outstanding organizational and personal skills were key to keeping the publication on schedule. Some of the information in this supplement was first presented during an all-day symposium, entitled “The Intolerable Burden of Malaria: What’s New, What’s Needed”, at the Third Pan-African MIM Conference in Arusha, Tanzania, held November 18−22, 2002. The first supplement on this topic, “The Intolerable Burden of Malaria: A New Look at the Numbers”, focused on clinical and epidemiologic manifestations of malaria and was previously published by the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2001, Volume 64 [supplement 1,2]: 1−106).