THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL DIRECTORATE OF EMPLOYMENT ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF AKWA IBOM STATE)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Declaration – – – – — –
Certification – – – – – – – – i
Dedication – — – – – – – – ii
Acknowledgment – – – – – – iii
Abstract – – — – – – – – iv
Table of Contents – – – – – – – v
CHAPTER ONE
- Background of the Study – – – 1
- Statement of the Problem – – – – 4
- Objective of the Study – – – – 5
- Research Questions – – – – – – 5
- Research Hypothesis – – – – – – 6
- Significance of the Study – – – – – 7
- Scope/Limitation of the study – – – 8
- Definition of Terms – – – – – – 8
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
- Introduction – – – – – – 11
- Concept of Poverty – – – – – 11
- National Directorate of Employment and Job creation in Nigeria – – – – – – 17
- The objectives and mandate of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) – – – – – 22
2.3.1 Indicators of Poverty – – – 23
- Reason for the failure of government programmes as regard poverty and unemployment in Nigeria 25
- Problems for poverty alleviation in Nigeria – – 29
- Prospect of poverty alleviation in Nigeria – 32
- Poverty Reduction strategies – – – – 38
- Theoretical framework – – – – 40
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction – – – – – – 45
3.1 Research Design – – – – – 45
3.2 Area of the Study – – – – – 46
3.3 Population of the Study – – – – – 46
3.4 Sample/Sampling Size – – – – 47
3.5 Sources of Data Analysis – – – – 48
3.6 Procedure for Data Collection – – – – 48
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument – – – 49
3.8 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – 49
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.0 Introduction – – – – – – 50
4.1 Data Presentation – – – – – 50
4.2 Data Analysis – – – – – – 54
4.3 Test of Hypothesis – – – – – – 60
4.4 Discussion of Findings – – – – 63
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction – – – – – – 65
5.1 Summary of Findings – – – – – 65
5.2 Recommendations – – – – – 68
5.3 Conclusion – – – – – – 70
REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1
CHAPTER ONE
Poverty alleviation is one of the most difficult challenges facing countries in the developing world in which the coverage majority of the population is considered poor. As history would have it, Nigeria as a developing nation has experienced several forms of economic, political and social unrest. In recent times unemployment which is caused by individuals and government forces had joined the list of the social evils we experience in Nigeria today. The issue of unemployment has become a world-wide phenomenon demanded for increase attention, though the impact is more devastating in developing nation (Wamukonya 2003). According to Ndubi and Nwankwo (2013) identifies unemployment as one of the major challenges confronting Nigerian economic development.
The menace of unemployment in Nigeria both now and in the recent past has been issue of great concern to the policy makers and government (Bello 2003). Unemployment has been defined as a situation where people who are willing and capable of working and unable to find suitable paid employment (Fajana, 2000). It has been noticed that, higher the rate of unemployment in an economy, the higher the level of poverty and associated welfare challenges.
However, According to Ekong (1991), poverty is regarded as a state of lack of basic necessity of life such as food, water, clothing, healthcare and shelter. Poverty is not absolute lack of basic needs, it is also exclusive from the goods and services, right and activities which constitute the basis of citizenship. The Nigerian state had been hit by the twin problems such as poverty and unemployment. This may be attributed to a number of factors, some which are mismanagement of human and material resources, indiscipline, lack of political will by the government of the country right from the post-independence till present day Nigeria.
Furthermore, the severity of poverty in Nigeria has been worsened with deteriorating performance of the economy (CBN 2000). Agents these background efforts have been made by the federal government of Nigeria to tackled poverty through various agencies of poverty alleviation such as operation feed the Nation (OPFN). The Green Revolution, the Directorate of foods Roads and Rural infrastructure (DFFRI), the National Directorate of Employment (NDE), poverty alleviation programme (PAD), up to the National poverty Eradication programme (NAPED) were all attempt made by various government in the country to curb the menace of poverty in Nigeria. After all these efforts the menace of poverty is in geometrical progression among the members of the nation. To address this situation, this study is posed to examine the impact of National Directorate of Employment in poverty alleviation in Nigeria.
- Statement of the problems
Over the years various poverty alleviation programmes and agencies have been established by the federal government of Nigeria to overcome the menace of unemployment in Nigeria, yet the result have not been adequately out filled. However, poverty alleviation programmes have been characterized with embezzlement of funds allocated for the programme, misappropriation, lack of implementation of policies, inadequate funding and lack of awareness which lead to the poor enrolment into the scheme. Thus, in the light of the above, this study is assign the role and the impact of national directorate of employment in poverty alleviation programme in Nigeria with particular reference to Akwa Ibom State.
The following are the objectives of this study.
- To assess the impact of National Directorate of employment in poverty alleviation in Nigeria
- To measure the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programmes towards unemployment in Nigeria
- To identify the problems inhibiting the success of poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria.
- To suggest possible solution to the problems inhibiting the success of poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria.
The following are the research questions:
- What are the impacts of National Directorate of employment in poverty alleviation in Nigeria.
- What are the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programme towards unemployment in Nigeria.
- What are the problems inhibiting the success of poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria
- What are the solution to the problems inhibiting the success of poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria.
Ho: There is no significance relationship between National Directorate of employment (NDE) and poverty alleviation in Nigeria.
Hi: There is significant relationship between National Directorate of Employment (NDE) and poverty alleviation in Nigeria
Hypothesis II
Ho: Unemployment and corruption are not the major causes of poverty in Nigeria
Hi: Unemployment and corruption are the major causes of poverty in Nigeria
- Significance of the study
This study would be of immense value to students of public Administration who might make further research on this topic or similar to the topic. For decision makers in Nigeria and Akwa Ibom State and beyond who would embarked on various forms of poverty alleviation programmes.
It would also helped National Directorate of Employment (NDE) to improved the standard poverty alleviation strategies that would solved unemployment problems in the nation.
- Scope and limitation of the study
Akwa Ibom was selected for the study. The was also limited to the poor masses within the ambit of Akwa Ibom State. The problems the researcher encountered was that people were either too busy with their day to day activities to avoid the interview, or cleverly avoided the researcher because most of the research work was conducted in the rural area of Akwa Ibom State. Those who responded to questions tends to make this answer to reflect what ought to be rather than what it is, this un-doubtfully affected the quality of information collected during the study. Also the researcher was face with some financial constraint during conducting the research work.
Poverty: Poverty is an absence of capacity to acquire the means to sustained a standard of living or lives above the poverty line. Poverty is defined as a state of lack of basic necessity of life.
Poverty alleviation: Poverty alleviation is a measure set up to improve the living condition of the people who live below poverty level.
Employment: Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually base on contract where work is paid. It is an agreement and employer and an employee that employee will provide certain services on the job for compensation.
Unemployment: Unemployment is a phenomenon occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work.
Policy: Policy is the basic principles by which a government is guided. It is also defined as a declared objectives that a government or party seek to achieve and preserve in the interest of national community.
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