THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION GAP IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANISATIONAL GOAL.. (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BOTTLING COMPANY ONITSHA.)
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Communication is a very vital tools in carrying out our day today activities which makes the saying that if you don’t say here I am nobody will say there you are unique and outstanding from every business firms world wide today. Everyone needs communication with people around to share experience jobs, frustration, hopes and fears. From childhood we all learn how to communicate, as children, we are able to recognize and identify happiness and annoyance in our parent’s faces or words. And at school, we learn how to write and interpret numbers and diagram; we also came to understand the silent language of communication expressed in faces, gestures and body movement that is the body language of non verbal communication. This array of skills has helped us to be active members of the family, school and work group.
It is only when people have come to know others through work, play or study that they prepared to open up and to trust others with a share of them, their inner thought reactions and feelings.
According to Chester Bernard the first executive function is to maintain a system of communication which is fundamental to the existence of any organizational communication function. Which is the means by which social inputs are fed into social system or organization the means by which behaviour is modified, changed is affected, information is made productive and goals are achieved be it in business, military etc.
Every organization is established to achieve a set objectives for example certain business organization are set up for profit making by the provision of goods and service. While others are set up mainly for the provision of service by training high level of manpower for both in the public and private sector of the economy.
However the defined objective of any organization has to be achieved through the instrumentality of individual person who form the basic unit of the organization. The people’s readiness to perform for the attainment of goals and objectives of an organization.
As defined by Drucker, management is concern with the direction and control of an enterprise and involves planning and the direction of the work of others. These managerial functions cannot be successfully carried out in the absence of communication. Brown defined communication as the process of transmitting ideas and thought one person to another for the purpose of creating understanding in the thinking of the person receiving the communication, Drucker made the following statement. The manager has a specific tool, information. He does not “handle” people; he motivates guides and organizes peoples to do their own work. His toll to do this is the spoken or written work. no matter whether the manager’s job is engineer, accounting or marketing effectiveness to a large extent depends on his ability to listen and to read or his ability to speak and write. It needs skill in getting his thinking across to other people as well as skill in finding out what other people are after.
The above contribution by Drucker implies that communication is needed to convey information necessary for an on going operation and secondly that communication can have an impact on the attitude of people in the organization and consequently on the general performance of the organization. Managers spend a lot of their time in order to co-ordinate human and physical resources of an organization into effective and efficient working units. It is only when the human and material element of and organization is harnessed into a working whole that the objective goals of the organization can be achieved.
Before any organization decision can be made relevant information, facts feeling and ideas must be communicated within all organization.
In recent years, communication has been tipped as a management function because of its growing importance in large organization and also because it has been realized that communication is not forced but has to be learnt.
Language, which is deemed the most important tool of communication in organization, have many features which limit their- assuredly in communication. Available statistics show that there are more than three language inLagosStatealone while the entire nation is said to have about 3000 different language. It was observed that in the organization where this research was carried out, workers were selected from almost all the ethnic groups inNigeriawith different social and cultural backgrounds. This shows that the rate of communicating effectively in organization cannot be predicted correctly. As S.I. Hayakawg had it, the meaning of words is in the words, they are in use and no word has exactly the same meaning.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem of communication between persons, organization and the society as a whole can be classified into four.
People do not know how to communicate. There are proper channels of communication they are channels by which communication should be forwarded to the subordinate. An important need of a worker is to be informed about what is happening around him in his work place. Communication and information therefore are important factors in cultivating and maintaining a mutually satisfactory relationship between an employer and the employee.
- No availability of proper communication facilities. There are no proper facilities for communicating due to the fact that the infrastructural facilities are not efficient for instance, the telephone facilities are not functional all the time, the radio messages, fax etc. are not working.
- People are ignorant of what to communicate. Instead of communicating what is expected to be communicated, people do not know the organizational goals are, so they tend to direct their attention on what would not maximize the organization’s goals.
- People are ignorant of the need to communicate.People normally imply that the lower hierarchy knows what to do but sometimes the subordinate needs to be advised on what to do before they can do it the way the upper hierarchy wants it done.
1.3 PURPOSE OF STUDY
From all that has written above, it is the aim of this study to take a segment of the seaports (Nigerian Port Authority) and study the impact of communication and the achievement of its goal.
ü To find out how effective communication is one of the management functions, that is the impact on the smooth running of the organization.
ü To examine the communication methods and find out the most appropriate way for the smooth performance of the organization.
ü How lack of proper communication facilities can hinder and or promote passing information effectively between and among people on organization.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study is very wide if it has to be carried out in all the seaports in the country. This study covers the activities of the Lagos Ports Complex (LPC) Apapa Quays (APO).
In this study, attempt was made to examine the impact of communication gap the achievement of organizational goal.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The research questions are as given below:
- Which way does communication flows in your organization?
- Does management keep union abreast with the state of affairs / event in the organization?
- Is their adequate consultation between management and union?
- Are duties delegated in your organization?
- How the industry is rated in achieving goal in relation to good communication?
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