THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF SOME CONCRETE SAMPLES

THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF SOME CONCRETE SAMPLES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                           Introduction

1.1     Background

Electric energy which functions as source of power supply is required by all electronic appliances and equipment and it takes different forms. Some required solar energy and other devices. Power supply from our main which is A.C is transformed to D.C for easily distribution to the needed voltage. In order to keep this voltage supply at a constant rate that can fit – in to our electrical appliance at a manufacturers range, a device has to be use for regulation of the power supply. There arise the needs for the construction of a device called STABILIZED POWER SUPPLY.

The device has four compartments. The first involved the rectification process enhance by the diodes and capacitor put together with the transformer which step – down the A.C to 12volts. Maddock (1973). The second stage deals with the filter. The replies is filtered by the 10mf 25v capacitor and thus produce a smooth voltage which lead to the third stage. At the third stage, the zenar diode acts as a stabilizer which modifies a constant D.C current to the circuit. The fourth stage involve transistor which voltage from the rectifier is amplified to give the output.

A regulated power supply is an embedded circuit which converts unregulated AC into a constant DC Caruther et al., (1973). The stabilized power supply is useful in our home and industries to regulate a constant voltage supply from our PHCN to a required voltage used in electrical appliances.

1.2     Significance of the Project

The important of this work is to enlightened users of electronics the need to used stabilized power to protect the effect of power fluctuation and also in survey cases to stabilized voltage supply to the capacity required by our electrical appliances.

1.3     Limitation of the Project

Due to the components used in the construction of this project problem arises where the component value was not available and an amount of component has to replace, also the current input to the circuit at different stages. Typically break down due to the resistor value, the power transistor mounted on the circuit develop an excess heat when it was not attached to a heat.

1.4     Scope of Study