STRATEGIES FOR AMELIORATING OBSOLESCENCE OF STAFF QUARTER AT FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH

ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the strategies to be adopted in obsolescence at staff quarters of the Federal Polytechnic Idah. Study is significant as it add to the body of literature on the topic under study, to direct the, four research questions and hypothesis were formulated. The research was carried out using a sample of 44 questionnaire were gathered from Idah, Kogi state. The data collected were analyze using simple percentages and correlation analysis which was used to test the hypothesis. From the analysis of the data collected, the following findings were made. That, obsolescence of the staff quarter has no significant effect on the properties within the study area. It is also discovered from the findings that there is no significance influence on the strategies adapted to ameliorating obsolescence in the study area. It is revealed from the study that the current condition of the staff quarter at federal polytechnic Idah needs urgent attention and this can be observed as majority of the respondents strongly that the factors responsible for the staff quarter obsolescence is both human and environmental factors. It was also discovered from the findings that the effect of obsolescence on properties within the study area generates different environmental risk and therefore needs to be fixed or attended to. From the findings the following recommendation were made that the current condition of the staff quarter at Federal Polytechnic Idah should properly looked into and consider a means of ameliorating it . that those factors that lead to the obsolescence of the staff quarter such as human, environmental and other factors should be given more attention to, and in doing this will g a long way in reducing the cost of livelihood in the staff quarter.

LIST OF TABLES.
Table 4.1
Questionnaire Administered……………………………………………………….35
Table 4.2
Gender Distribution of the Respondent…………………………35
Table 4.3
Age distribution of the respondents……………..36
Table 4.4
Marital status of respondents…………………………….36
Table 4.5
Educational qualification of respondents………………………………………………………….. 37
Table 4.6
Designation of the respondents……………………..37
Table 4.7
The current condition of the staff quarter……………………………38
Table 4.8
Factors responsible for obsolescence…………………………. 38
Table 4.9
Obsolescence can appear separately or combined on the level of building materials……………………………………39
Table 4.10
Obsolescence have effect on properties within the study area………………….39
Table 4.11
The cause of poor environmental condition………………39
Table 4.12
Sanitation exercise……………………………………..40
Table 4.13
Obsolescence is a major factor in generating risk……………..40
Contingency table for hypothesis 1……………….41
Contingency table for hypothesis 2………………………………………………….43

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page——————————————————————————————-i
Certification—————————————————————————————ii
Dedication—————————————————————————————-iii
Acknowledgment——————————————————————————–iv
Abstract——————————————————————————————–v
Table of contents——————————————————————————–vi
List of tables————————————————————————————-ix
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study ——————————————————————-1
2.2 Statement of the problem——————————————————————-3
1.3 Aim and objectives————————————————————————–4
1.4 Research hypothesis————————————————————————-5
1.5 Significance of the study——————————————————————-5
1.6 Scope of the study—————————————————————————5
1.7 limitation of the study———————————————————————–5
1.8 Brief description of the study area——————————————————–6
1.9 Definition of terms and acronyms used in the study————————————7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 The concept of housing obsolescence—————————–10
2.2 Causes of building obsolescence———————————————————11
2.3 Forms of housing obsolescence———————————————————-14
2.3.1 Economic obsolescence—————————————————————–15
2.3.2 Functional obsolescence—————————————————————-15
2.4 Sustainability and obsolescence———————————————————-19
2.4.1 Perceiving Sustainability as new form of obsolescence——————22
2.5 Strategies of dealing with building obsolescence——————-26
2.6 Maintenance strategy for ameliorating housing obsolescence————-27
CHAPTER THREE:RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Source of data——————————————————————————-31
3.2 Data collection techniques—————————————————————-31
3.3 population of the study——————————————————————–32
3.4 Sampling size——————————————————————————-32
3.5 method of data analysis——————————————————————-34
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1 Data Presentation and analysis———————————————————–35
4.2 Discussion of results———————————————————————–45
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary of findings———————————————————————-47
5.2 Recommendations————————————————————————-47
5.3 Conclusion———————————————————————————-48
Reference—————————————————————————————-49
Appendix—————————————————————————————–

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The concept of ‘obsolescence’ is an essential consideration during the assessment of value (Reed 2007). Although there has been an increased attention placed on the demand for sustainable buildings such as via the use of rating tools, the future income stream of sustainable properties including capital expenditure may be misunderstood if obsolescence is not adequately recognised and dealt with in property management. Although there are many forms of obsolescence, arguably the physical, functional and economic impairments remain the core types observed in property and result in depreciation, which in turn is a loss in property value. Obsolescence may affect the land and/or building component in varying degrees, as well as commencing at different times and affecting the highest and best use (Lipscomb, 2012). For example obsolescence may commence in the initial design phase and deterioration may start before construction has even started (Bole et al. 2009). Understanding exactly what obsolescence is and how it affects a property asset is critical although arguably not fully understood either inside and/or outside the property field (Laronge, 2011).
Obsolescence simply means an old fashioned and no longer useful, it is not necessarily age, however, change that is the chief cause of obsolescence.
The oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(6th edition), defines the adjective obsolete as no longer used or practiced outmoded or worn away effaced, eroded, worn out, dilapidated, atrophied and the non obsolescence as the process or fact of becoming obsolete or out dated or of falling into disuse or more specific the process whereby or states at which machinery consumer goods become obsolete as a result of technological advances and changes in demand.