ABSTRACT
This project is anchored on the design
and construction of Tiles, windows and furniture involves in the conference
room their method and pattern of construction, it’s advantages value and as
well other valuable tool such as; working tools for the construction of tiles; (cement,
white cement, fine aggregate e.t.c); tools for the construction of windows; (nails
and screws, drills e.t.c) and also tools for the construction of furniture
Furthermore, the purpose of tiles, it
values, it significance from other floor beauty materials, and also the types
of tiles and the purposes of other types as differ.
In addition too, this project covers
the construction of different types of windows, even for the differential
purpose, the value of different window structures as pertaining to it cost and
the shapes as ficatured in the pictures.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title
Page i
Certification
ii
Dedication
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract v
Table
of content vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Aims and Objectives 2
1.2 Scopes of Study 3
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 4-
2.1 Ceramics, Tiles, And Manufacturing process.
6
2.2 Methods of Manufacturing Ceramic tiles 8-9
2.3 Type Glazed Ceramic tiles 9
2.3.1 Glazed Ceramic tiles 10
2.3.2 Unglazed ceramic tiles 10
2.4 Ceramic floor tile manufactures 10
2.5 Packing grading and sorting of ceramic
floor tiles 11
2.6 Pattern formation with tiles 12
2.7 Methods of tiles placement 12
2.8 Precaution that are necessary during tile
placement 15
2.9 Materials used for tiling 16
2.10 Tools necessary for ceramic floor tile. 17
2.11 Construction method 18
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction
to Aluminium Window 21
3.1 Important of window 21
3.2 Different types of material used for window 21
3.3 Glass, Aluminium and Burglary Metal Frame
glass 23
3.3.1
Aluminium 24
3.3.2 Metals 26
3.4 Scope of project 27
3.5 Aim and objective 27
3.6 Material used 28
3.7 Properties of Metal 29
3.8 Properties of Aluminium 30
3.9 Properties of Glass 30
3.10 Properties of Rubber 31
3.11 Design and construction of Aluminium window
and burglary Frame for office use. 31
3.12 Finishing 32
3.13 Joint and connection 33
3.14
Safety Precaution 34
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Material used for the Furniture 36
4.1 Tools and equipment 37
4.2 Finishing 40
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion 43
5.1 Recommendation 44
Reference
LIST OF PLATES
Plate
3.1 – Laying of Tiles
Plate
3.2 – Window Casement
Plate
3.3 – Window Casement
Plate
3.4 – Conference Table and Chair
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A tile is a manufactured pieces of hard
wearing materials such as ceramic, stone, metal used as a finishing floor and
walls or other object such as table top used as ornamentals that add beauty to
the surface applied either in buildings, offices and so on. Another category is
the ceiling tile, made from light weight materials such as wood and mineral
wool.
Tiles are used to form wall and floor
coverings and can range from single square tiles to complete mosaic. Tiles are
most often from ceramics, with a raft glazed finished, and also same other
materials which are available such as glass, marble, granites, slates and
reformed ceramic slurry which is cost in a mould and fired.
In the past 20years, the technology
surrounding porcelain and glass tiles had become more efficient, allowing for
mass production. Similarly the invention automated tile line that used diamond,
to cut and finished stone slabs into tiles has made stone tile more available.
This is in term as allowed these tiles to move from beings riche items into
broader markets.
The ceramic tile demand index has shown
a growth of 55% annually for the year 2000-2005 periods. The OSAN world demand
for finished granite index has shown a growth of 14% annually for the year
2000-2005 periods. Hence, OS market for ceramic is about 3billion.
1.1
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The
main aim of the project is to remodelling the conference room using tiles as
the floor finishing and with the following objectives.
- To improve the floor
surface finishing by laying tile on the floor.
- To carry out investigation
on various type of tiles which are available for used.
- To know the various methods
involved in laying floor tiles.
- Also to know various
materials, equipment and tools used in floor tiles construction.
1.2 SCOPE OF STUDY
This project entails the production of bill
of quantities and construction of offices floor tiles and the processes of
construction of floor tiles finishing.
- To allow for routine
maintaining of a floor surface
- To improve the floor
surface damp proofness
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE
REVIEW
Tiles are derived from the French
word tuile, which is in turn form the latin word togola, meaning a roof tile
composed of backed clay. Clays are hydrated aluminosilicate and are the end
product of weathering of feldspathic rock. The most important clay mineral is
kalonite which has the composition A3L203-29102-2H20 less precisely, the modern
term can refer to any object such as rectangular counters in playing games.
The
word ‘CERAMICS’ from the great word ‘KAROMOS’ meaning ‘POTTERY’ pottsclay or a
‘PETTER’. This greek word is related to an old sand skirt root meaning to born
that was primarily used to mean burnt stuff.
The technical definition of ceramics
encompasses a much greater variety of products than it’s normally realized. To
most people the word ceramics means dinnerware, figurines vases and other
objects of ceramics art.
However, accompanying the growth in the
demand has been some stifts in the word ceramic industry. In 1990, Europe
accounted for 54% of the world ceramic title product by 2002, world ceramic
tile product in the same period was dropped a little. Asia now has state of the
art equipment in its ceramic tile plants, which means much lower cost. European
still do well with higher priced ceramic tile with sophisticated and
fashionable designs and with propellant (high quality porcelain) tiles.
Beginning in 2004, the stronger Euro made
at cheaper to manufacture ceramic tile in the US and distribute them from such
as plant. The US is the world’s largest
market for ceramictiles, a number of European (most Italian) ceramic tile
manufacture built or expanded their US
plants and brought out domestic ceramic tile firms. The European tile
firms not only benefit from lower manufacturing cost but also from distributing
at a lower cost and faster rate. Thus less inventory was required.
Things have been difficult in the dimension stone tile industry. By the beginning of the 1980, automated stone tile plant are busy in Italy since additional innovated many plant with automated stone tiles lines, as does Spain, Turkey, Brazil, and other countries. The three US automated tile that were short tile producers of granted tile from mid 1980, to the mid 1990. Closed one by one. The last one actually closed in mid 2002. Marble tile is still produced to a limited extent but most American marble tiles product plants in carrara, Italy that makes it from rough blocks of vermouth (DANBY) marble. The amount of slate flouring tiles was dwindled a little since 2000.
REMODELLING OF CONFERENCE ROOM, FLOOR FINISHES, WINDOW AND FURNITURES.
