PREVALENCE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIALS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ENUGU

TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                                                                                                                                PAGE

Title Page                                                                                                                    i

Approval                                                                                                                     ii

Certification                                                                                                                iii

Dedication                                                                                                                  iv

Acknowledgements                                                                                                    v

Table of Contents                                                                                                       vi

List of Tables                                                                                                              ix

Abstract                                                                                                                       x

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                                   

Background to the Study                                                                                           1

Statement of the Problem                                                                     3

Aim of the Study                                                                                                        4

Objectives of the Study                                                                                              4

Research Hypotheses                                                                                                  5

Significance of the Study                                                                                           5

Scope of the Study                                                                                                     6

Operational Definition of Terms                                                          6

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                     

Conceptual Review                                                                                                     7

UTI in Pregnancy                                                                                                        9

Concept of Demographic Differences                                                 12

Theoretical Review                                                                                 13

Conceptual Framework                                                                  15

Empirical Review                                                                                   16

Summary of the Literature Reviewed                                                     21

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD                                                    

Research Design                                                                                                         23

Area of Study                                                                                           23

Population of the Study                                                                     24

Subject for the study                                                                           24

Inclusion Criteria                                                                                  24

Instrument for Data Collection                                                           25

Validity of the Instrument                                                                     25

Reliability of the Instrument                                                                26

Ethical Consideration                                                                             26

Procedure for Data Collection                                                               27

Method of Data Analysis                                                              29

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULTS

Objective 1                                                                                                                  31

Objective 2                                                                                                                  32

Objective 3                                                                                                                  32

Objective 4                                                                                                                  33

Objective 5                                                                                                                  33

Objective 6                                                                                                                  34

Objective 7                                                                                                                  35

Summary of Findings                                                                          38

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION 

Discussion of Major Findings                                                                     39

Conclusion                                                                                                                  42

Implication of the Findings                                                          43

Limitations of the Study                                                             43

Suggestion for Further Studies                                                        43

Summary of the Study                                                                              44

Recommendations                                                                            46

References                                                                                                                 47

Appendix i: Questionnaire

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Demographic Characteristics of Antenatal Women          30

Table 2: proportion of women who have urinary tract infections 31  

Table3:  causative organisms of UTI                                                   32

Table 4: differences in UTI occurrence among pregnant women attending

antenatal care in UNTH based on parity                                                        32

Table 5: differences in UTI occurrence among pregnant women attending antenatal care in UNTH based gestational age                                               33

Table 6: the differences in UTI occurrence across the different maternal age groups attending antenatal care in UNTH                                                      34

Table 7: the differences in UTI occurrence across the different maternal education levels of women attending antenatal care in UNTH.                     34

Table 8: the differences in UTI occurrence across the different economic levels of women attending antenatal care in UNTH                                      35

Table 9: Association of Demographic Characteris