PERCEIVED DETERMINANTS OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AMONG AUTOMOBILE ROAD USERS

PERCEIVED DETERMINANTS OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AMONG AUTOMOBILE ROAD USERS, A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON CIVIL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Accidents today are among the leading causes of death in some cases, the number one cause in many part of the world particularly the highly industrialized nations (Wikipedia, 2011). Road traffic accidents or injuries can not be overemphasized in developing countries like Nigeria due to the fact that it is difficult to know the major causes and effects of road traffic accidents on environmental development. World Health Organization (2002) and United Nations global safety collaboration (2007) Opined that Road traffic accidents are major causes of death and disability globally, with a disproportionate number occurring in developing countries in which it has currently ranked as the tenth leading causes of disability adjusted life years lost in the whole world. Thus, the term road traffic accidents (RTAs) is when a road vehicle collides with another vehicles, pedestrians, animals or geographical or architectural obstacle which can result in injuries, property damage and death (World Health Organization, 2004). Road traffic accidents can also be described as accident which took place on the road between two or more objects, one of which must be any kind of a moving vehicle (Jha, N., Srinivasa, D.K, Roy, G and Jagadish, S, 2004). However, the way in which death by road accidents are treated in Nigeria, confirms that the government has no regard for human lives and it is disturbing that human lives are treated purely as “statistics”. Chidoka (2009) the corp marshal of the federal road safety noted during a media briefing that 5,157 lives were lost through road accidents in Nigeria in the last three years and  according to the statistical break down out of a total of 18,308 accidental report, 5,157 were recorded while a total of 13,251 person sustained different forms of injuries in which he further noted that 2,119 accidents and 301 deaths were as a result of tanker driver and road haulage trucks between January and March 2009. According to Sangofadeji (2011) the chief executive officer, Ogun state traffic compliance and enforcement corps (TRACE) asserted that 173 of  191 road traffic accidents recorded in 2010 involved in motor vehicles, while 18 were motorcycle accidents and a  total of 74 people died in road accidents across Ogun state last year. However, all road users are potential victims of road accident resulting into injuries but commoner in those whose attitudes portrayed to be selfish, hostile, choleric, fool hardly, abuses, substances and physically unfit (Awesu, 2007; freeman, Geshen and King, 1990; Udoh and Haastrup, 2006; European bank for reconstruction and development).  Salawu (2008) opined that Nigeria’s high ways transportation system is one of the most complex system in our society with increased traffic accidents that leads to negative effect on the road users. And for many years, injuries and fatalities resulting from the use of all automobiles were accepted gradually rather realistically in which a healthy and aggressive social attitude towards road traffic accidents and their prevention is of great importation through educative programmes and procedures.

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are increasing with rapid pace and presently these has become one of the leading causes of death in developing countries and the morbidity and mortality burden in developing countries is rising due to a combination of factors such as  rapid motorization, poor road design and traffic infrastructure as well as the behavior of road users (Nantulya and Reich,2002).Thus, In many countries or cities road traffic accidents is critical despite that the rate of accidents are generally less in rural than urban area and yet many people are involved in possession of numerous vehicles accidents such as cars, buses, lorries, motorcycle e.t.c. which usually result to road traffic accidents and bring about some negative impact on development of the environment. Therefore, the researcher would attempt to identify some of these causes, effects as well as suggest better ways to solve the problems confronting road traffic accidents among automobile road users in Ijebu-Ode local government Area of Ogun State.

PERCEIVED DETERMINANTS OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AMONG AUTOMOBILE ROAD USERS, A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON CIVIL ENGINEERING