MANAGING THE HUMAN RESOURCES OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research work is to highlight on managing the human resources of   business organisations in a depressed economy. Today’s business environment is in the state of flux, where competition is the name of the game. Organizations that fail to change may be forced to change from existence to non-existence, hence survival is the panacea. To survive, companies must explore all available avenues that can bring about competitive advantage. To develop a competitive advantage, it is important that firms truly leverage on the workforce as a competitive weapon. Specifically, the study aimed to pursue the following objectives: to establish the relationship between Human capital management and organizational performance, to determine the effect of training and development on organizational performance, to examine the role of environmental factors on organizational productivity, to ascertain whether effective recruitment and selection boost human resource management. The study had a population size of 1,210, out of which a sample size of 303 was realised using Taro Yamene formula at 5% error to tolerance and 95 % level of confidence. Instrument used for data collection was primarily questionnaire and interview. The total numbers of 303 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 283 copies were returned. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Four hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s moment correlation coefficient, chi-square (x2) and Z- test statistical tools. The findings indicate that there was significant relationship between human capital management and organisational performance. Training and development positively affects organisational performance. Environmental factors significantly affect organisational productivity; Effective recruitment and selection significantly boost human resource management of an organisation. The study concluded that theoretical and technological advance in human capital management has allowed manufacturing organizations to move beyond managing personnel by head count and billet, the managing their workforces. The study recommends that Organizations should take training and development programmes serious because that determines how effective and efficiently organizations are been run.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page                                                        –           –           –           –           i          

Approval Page                                –           –           –           –           ii         

Certification                                                    –           –           –           –           iii        

Dedication                                                      –           –           –           –           iv        

Acknowledgements                                        –           –           –           –           v         

Abstract                                                          –           –           –           –           vi        

Table of Contents                                           –           –           –           –           vii       

List of Tables                                                  –           –           –           –           x

List of Figures                                                 –           –           –           –           ix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       Background of the Study                   –           –           –           –           1         

1.2       Statement of Problem                         –           –           –           –           3

1.3       Objectives of the Study                      –           –           –           –           3

1.4       Research Questions                             –           –           –           –           4

1.5       Research Hypotheses                          –           –           –           –           4

1.6       Significance of the Study                   –           –           –           –           4

1.7       Scope of the Study                             –           –           –           –           5

1.8       Limitations of the Study                     –           –           –           –           5

1.9       Definition of Terms                            –           –           –           –           6

References

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1       Introduction                                        –           –           –           –           9

2.2      Definitions of Human Resources Management           –           –           9

2.3      Objectives and uses of Human Resource Planning in  Nigeria

Organisations                                        –           –           –           –           11

2.4      The Factors that Influence the Resource Needs of an Organisation

Human                                                            –           –           –           –           12

2.5       Two Models of Human Resource Management         –           –           14

2.6       Strategic  Human Resource Management       –           –           –           17

2.7       Human Resource Management Process          –           –           –           18

2.7.1    Recruitment and Selection                  –           –           –           –           19

2.7.2    Employment Relationship                   –           –           –           –           20

2.7.3    Rewards and Performance Management        –           –           –           21

2.7.4    Training as Part of Human Resources Management   –           –           22

2.7.4.1 Models of Training                             –           –           –           –           23

2.7.4.2 Methods of Training                           –           –           –           –           27

2.7.4.3 Training Evaluation                             –           –           –           –           29

2.8       Issues Influencing Human Resource Management     –           –           30

2.8.1    Talent Management                            –           –           –           –           30

2.8.2    Managing Diversity                            –           –           –           –           31

2.8.3    Leadership Development                    –           –           –           –           32

2.8.4    Management of Change                      –           –           –           –           33

2.8.5    Compensation and Rewards               –           –           –           –           34

2.8.6    Management Information System      –           –           –           –           35

2.8.7    Measurement of Hr Effectiveness      –           –           –           –           35

2.8.8    Ethical Issues                                      –           –           –           –           35

2.9       Effective Management of Human Resources of Business

Organisation Ina Depressed Economy           –           –           –           36

2.10      Summary of Review of the Related Literature         –           –           44

References

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1       Introduction                                        –           –           –           –           47

3.2       Research Design                                 –           –           –           –           47

3.3       Sources of Data                                  –           –           –           –           47

3.4       Data Collection Instrument                –           –           –           –           48

3.5       Population of the Study                      –           –           –           –           48

3.6       Sample Size Determination                 –           –           –           –           49

3.7       Sample Procedure                               –           –           –           –           50

3.8       Validity of Instrument                                    –           –           –           –           51

3.9       Reliability OF Instruments                 –           –           –           –           51

3.10    Data Treatment Technique                  –           –           –           –          

References

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

4.1:      Questionnaire Distribution                  –           –           –           –           54

4.2       Gender Distribution of the Respondents        –           –           –           54

4.3:      Marital Status of the Respondents     –           –           –           –           55

4.4       Educational Qualification                   –           –           –           –           55

4.5       Test of Hypotheses                             –           –           –           –           64

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1       Introduction                                        –           –           –           –           70

5.2       Summary of the Major Findings         –           –           –           –           70

5.3       Conclusion                                          –           –           –           –           70

5.4       Recommendations                              –           –           –           –           70

5.5       Suggested Areas for Further Study    –           –           –           –           71

            Bibliography

Appendix I

Questionnaire

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.5:        Human Resources and Organizational Goal   –           –           56

Table 4.6:        Individual Growth and Development Promote Human

Resource.                    –           –           –           56

Table 4.7:        Human Bei