IMPACT OF SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SHIFT SCHOOLING SYSTEMS ON ISLAMIC STUDIES STUDENTS‘ PERFORMANCE INSECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1Background to the Study

Education is essential for everyone; it is the level of education that helps people earn respect and recognition; it is an indispensable part of life, both personally and socially. However, unequal standard of education is still a major problem that needs to be solved, education plays such a rudimentary role in our society that we cannot even imagine life without it; Education is a determined element in the civilization of human society. Furthermore, the world is placed in a time when there is great optimism about the power of education to influence the well-being of individuals and nations. Education, which is the fundamental instrument for development in all countries, is not fulfilling the objectives set down in the National Policy of Education (NPE). The hopes of every country in the world is to develop human capital for effective functioning of the society is hinged on education, being an instrument of change.

The goal of every educational system in any country is to obtain and maintain high academic standards. Thus, with the scarcity of learning equipments such as; laboratory, class rooms and over population in our schools, shift system of schooling was introduced in order to do away with the problems of over population in our system. Single shift system of schooling is the type of educational system which provides education for school children in the morning hours only, while multiple shift system is a system of schooling whereby the school provides education for two different categories of the school age population at different sessions or times, some in the morning and others in afternoon of the school day, but diverse cohorts of students use the same building and have the same academic curriculum. These systems of schooling are a characteristic of developing countries where human and material resources are very scarce (London, 1993) and where finance for the education sector is very limited (Bray, 2008). Many developing countries adopted the systems to cater for the increasing enrolment in schools resulting from educational policies geared towards improving access to education for all (EFA).

IMPACT OF SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SHIFT SCHOOLING SYSTEMS ON ISLAMIC STUDIES STUDENTS‘ PERFORMANCE INSECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA