ABSTRACT
This study was under taken to ascertain the impact of radio using
Baruten as a case of the study.
The study provided background information in the history of radio
programming and radio kwara. It also sought to find out the problems associated
with the dissemination of development information by the radio to the rural dwellers.
The method used is the case for the study and the study employed the use
of questionnaire in gathering data. A total number of 180 questionnaires were
analyzed and graphically explained with the use of table and simple percentage
method.
The data analysis revealed that radio programming has had much impact on
rural dwellers.
The study therefore, recommend that community radio programming should
be encourage and spread widely for effective information dissemination in rural
areas.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITTLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
LIST OF TABLE
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study 1
- Statement of the problem 7
- Objectives of the study 8
- Research question 9
- Significance of the study 7
- Scope of the study
11
- Operational definition of terms 12
- Limitations of the study 13
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 19
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL STUDIES / REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 32
RADIO AS A MEDIUM
50
TYPES OF RADIO PROGRAMMING
CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO
FUNCTIONS OF RADIO PROGRAMMING 55
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
REEARCH DESIGN
62
RESEARCH VARIABLE
UNIVERSE OF THE STUDY
SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES 64
UNIT OF ANALYSIS
INSTRUMENTATIONS
VALIDITY OF THE INTRUMENT
METHOD OF ADMINITRATION OF THE
INSTRUMENT
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER FOUR:
ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENT OF THE RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE
ANSWERS TO THE RESEARCH QUESTION
CHAPTER FIVE:
SUMMARY
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES AND ILLUSTRATION
TABLE 1: Sex of the respondent
TABLE 2: Age distribution of the
respondents
TABLE 3: Marital status of respondents
TABLE 4: Educational qualification
TABLE 5: Occupational distribution of
respondents
TABLE 6: Respondent time of listening
to radio
TABLE 7: Radio as a medium that
disseminate development
Information about the community
TABLE 8: No station accessible to the
respondents
TABLE 9: Functions / role of the radio
to the respondents
TABLE10: Respondent rating of the
radio based on transmission of developmental information.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The media of communication i.e.; the
channel through which information is conveyed to the general public. Such channel
includes; radio, television, newspaper e.t.c.
The radio as a medium of communication is
one of the most ambitious. The most effective and cheapest means of
communication. Apart from its primary response of informing, educating and
entertaining the public, it provides opportunity for man to understand both his
immediate and distant environment.
Programming on the other hand is the
broadcast programming of a radio formed or content that is organized for
commercial broadcasting and public broadcasting of radio station.
According to Zuma 1 (2011), the radio is a
nation builder instrument, it can be a important partner in the drive to make
rural area economically and socially viable.
As a means of communication, the radio is
unique in both its portability and ability to reach people in urban and rural
areas.
It can be use to transmit music, speech
and other information to a large audience.
For Daramola 1 (2001: 55), radio
reaches every corner of the globe. The rural community most especially relies
on it for information because it breaks language barriers and illiteracy. This
is why it is an effective tool for disseminating development information to the
rural areas for adequate communication growth.
As it may be, this study will examine
the impact of radio programming on rural dweller using Baruten as the study.
1.1.1 HISTORY OF RADIO PROGRAMMING IN NIGERIA
The term “Radio” has its root in the Latin word, “Radius” which means a
spoken radius ray. Radio’s etymology become obvious when it is realized that in
physical sense, radio is essentially the emission of ray or wave that bear
signal called programs the wave which are generated by a transmitter are
propagated, an aerial or an antenna that represent the central of a circles for
reception by radio set turned to the frequency on which the transmitter is
radiating.
According to OLULANDELE et al, radio programming in Nigeria began in
1932, through the establishment of the radio distribution services. It was as a
result of the urge a determination of the British colonial authority to link
the colonies with the writer country to serve as an instrument of propaganda
for the Britain and the whole world. So the BBC (British Broadcasting
Corporation) empire service was introduced.
Radio programming in Nigeria also began as part of the departmental and
post and telegraph; which was then Public Relation Services. The post and telegraphs
engineers used the station in programming programs through wires connected to
loud speakers located at different points in Lagos.
After three years of experiment, the country realized it could operate
this system which heralded the establishment of wired broadcasting that was
named “Radio Distribution Service” (RDS).
On June 16 1951, the Nigeria Broadcasting Service (NBS) was firmly
established by Governor John Stuart McPherson. It was later changed to Nigeria
Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) and began operation in April 1957 by an act of
parliament.
However, the glamour for the right of reply Chief Obafemi Awolowo led to
the formation of radio and television station in the western region, Western
Nigeria Broadcasting Service (WNBS) and Western Nigeria Television (WNTV)
responded on October 31, 1959.
In 1975, the Murtala-Obasanjo military regime declared its intention to
halt the proliferation of radio station in Nigeria by creating a centralized
organization in to cater for the whole country. The government enacted the
federal radio corporation of Nigeria Decree no 8 of 1978; which gave the Federal
Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN), right overall existing radio station the
country with the re-organization, it assumed its new name and four zonal
offices were created in Lagos, Ibadan, Kaduna and Enugu and the radio skill is
in existence today.
More so, many private radio station have been established as a result of
the promulgation of the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) Decree No. 38 in
August 24, 1992. This Decree gave right to the ownership of broadcasting
station by private individuals.
For Richard Aspinal, (1971) the use of wireless for popular programming
was a consequence of the world war of 1914 – 1918. The fighting services needed
improved equipment and large number of wireless signal. It was these near who
on their return to civil life held the demand for broadcasting services.
Early radio was very much a novelty for listeners and broadcaster alike.
The early receiving software bulky and difficult to tune the loudspeaker had
not been invented and listening was limited to headphones
In the studies there were no mixing panels, no magnetic microphones, no
electrical pick-ups and certainly no tape recording. The microphones had to be
shaken before use, like a bottle of machine gramophone records were played by
gramophones in front of open microphones.
But the radio has gradually metamorphosed into a digital state that rural dwellers can carry every where even in their mobile phones, Ipods and small radio sets.
IMPACT OF ICT ON BROADCAST MEDIA {A CASE STUDY OF THE ROLE OF BROADCASTING IN THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT.
