HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AIDS ATTENDING CLINIC

HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AIDS ATTENDING CLINIC

ABSTRACT

A total of 50 blood (30 pregnant and 20 HIV) samples were obtained from pregnant women and PLWHA attending clinic at UNTH Ituku-ozalla. Samples were screened for hepatitis c viral infection using the rapid one step hepatitis C virus test strip. Two (6.66%) pregnant women were positive and four (20%) HIV patients were positive for Hepatitis C, giving an overall prevalence rate of (26.7%). The infection was the same in male (3) and in female (3). Those aged 23-34 years recorded a higher prevalence of (20%) than those in the age group 19-23. This higher prevalence of hepatitis C suggests that pregnant women and PLWHA may be at risk of hepatitis due to hepatitis C virus. Therefore routine screening of pregnant women and PLWHA should be instituted for early diagnosis and management of cases.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of content
List of table
Abstract

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 Objectives

CHAPTER TWO
2.1 MODE OF TRANSMISSION AND RISK FACTORS 
2.2 Pathogenesis and incubation period
2.3 Epidemiology
2.4 Signs and symptoms
2.5 Diagnosis
2.6 Prevention and control
2.7 Treatment
2.8 Hepatitis C virus and pregnancy
2.9 Hepatitis C virus and HIV

CHAPTER THREE
3.1 MATERIAL
3.2 Study population
3.3 Sample collection
3.4 Method

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 DISCUSSION
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Hepatitis C infection is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV is one of several viruses that can cause hepatitis. ‘Hepatitis’ means inflammation of the liver(Ryan and Ray,2004).It is unrelated to the other common hepatitis viruses (for example, hepatitis A or hepatitis B). HCV is a member of thehepacivirus genus in the familyFlaviviridae. There are at least six distinctly different strains of the virus which have different genetic profiles (genotypes). In the U. S., genotype 1 is the most common form of HCV. Even within a single genotype there may be some variations (genotype 1a and 1b, for example). Genotyping is important to guide treatment because some viral genotype respond better to therapy than others (Wilkins et al. 2009).
According to Hepatitis C NSW (2010), here are some of the things that can happen once the body contract hepatitis C.
The body may deal with hepatitis C of its own accord and you may never get sick.About 25% of all people who contract hepatitis C will clear the infection (although this happen less commonly in people with HIV). For a range of reasons, hepatitis C infection is eradicated from the body in these people, usually within 12 months of having been infected.
Hepatitis C may remain present in the body. About three quarters of people who contract hepatitis C will be chronically infected. This means that they have detectable hepatitis C virus (measured by a PCR test) in their blood for a period of longer than twelve months. People in this group may be at risk of developing liver problems over time.

HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AIDS ATTENDING CLINIC