EROSION CONTROL MEASURES

EROSION CONTROL MEASURES

CHAPTER ONE

EROSION CONTROL MEASURES

(A CASE STUDY OF UYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)

1. O INTRODUCTION

               Erosion is a serious environmental threat and is a major contribution to the degradation of water quality; Erosion and its accompanying menace in Uyo has remained a localized problem. The resultant effect of this threat has affected human settlement, Agricultural lands, thereby seriously hampering the economic and social aspects of lives of the residents and people living around the sites.

Population density and the location of this area in the rainforest belt has precariously pre-disposed it to erosion and its associated consequences. Records made available to us at ministry of environment and mineral resources indicated that over fifty billion naira was estimated as a conservative amount to combat erosion in Uyo capital city and its environs at the year 2008. The other sites proposed for work are Uyo Village Road, Urua Udofia Street phase II, etc.

Over the years, the people of the areas most affected by this erosion menace have been devising means of controlling it by applying such anti-erosion measures as tree planting, contour-walling etc. these effort proved to be of little effect and the menace continued unabated.

Reasons for failure were among others, inadequacy and unsuitability of the control measures adopted.

It is therefore imperative that a study be conducted to evaluate the alternative erosion control measures.

• JUSTIFICATION

Although various measures have been put up in the past to control and prevent erosion in Urua Udofia Street, Uyo village road and its environs, these have not been successful. The existing drainage system cannot accommodate the discharge from the catchments area. This has resulted in serious erosion occurring and the type of erosion affecting these sites is a gully erosion.

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

1. The existing drainage system is ineffective in the discharge of flow especially run-off as a result of rainfall.
2. The practice of deforestation is a significant cause of erosion
3. Over population results from a variety of outdoor human activities, again simply arising from too many people using a finite land resource.
4. Urbanization has a significant increase in the overland discharge and run-off.
5. Poor management of drains by residents and the relevant Government Authorities.

• OBJECTIVES

1. To determine the catchments area contributing to the erosion at uyo capital.
2. To determine the cause of erosion within the study area.
3. To asses the existing controls measures.
4. To postulate an effective engineering control measures with recommendation for sustainability.

1.4       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

             This study is to provide the possible control measures needed to control the erosion around the study area. This inturn will help to alleviate the suffering of the residents of the area and those passing through the study area.

1.5       SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of this study includes

1. Determination of the catchments area contributing to erosion in uyo local government area.
2. Producing of the lay-out plan.
3. Appraising the type of erosion control measures used.
4. Postulating an effective erosion control measures in the study area.

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