EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF IN-PATIENT DIABETICS IN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ITUKU-OZALLA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON  NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF IN-PATIENT DIABETICS IN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ITUKU-OZALLA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA (HOME ECONOMICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS)

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out using randomized 121 in-patient diabetics in medical wards of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Ituku-Ozalla. The instrument for data collection was structured, validated pre-tested questionnaires, anthropometry and dietary study. Body mass index was calculated for each patient using weight and height measurements. The adequacy of nutrient intake was assessed by comparing the energy and nutrient intakes of patient with FAO/WHO requirements. The contribution of macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein and fat) to the total daily energy consumption was assessed using American Diabetes Association (ADA). Data collected were coded into the computer. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations were calculated. Mannwhitney’s and Kruskawalli’s tests were used to compare means. Results showed that the subjects were made up of 54.5% males and 45.5% females. The BMI of the females (27.55±6.61kg/m²) was significantly (p<0 .05=”” higher=”” kg=”” m=”” males=”” of=”” sup=”” than=”” that=””>2

). The study also showed that the BMI of patients from rural areas

(23.70kg/m²) was significantly (p<0 .05=”” kg=”” lower=”” m=”” of=”” sup=”” than=”” that=”” the=”” urban=””>2

) and suburban (26.20kg/m²). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the waist circumference of males (95.59±10.97cm) and females (88.41±13.24cm). The mean waist/hip ratios for male and female diabetics were 0.96±0.08 and 0.91±0.10 respectively. The overall mean daily intake of energy of both male and female diabetics was 99.32% of the prescribed energy level.

The overall daily intake of energy for male diabetics was 75.50% while that of females was 96.06% of FAO/WHO requirement. The mean daily protein intake for males and females were 164.7% and 179.3% of FAO/WHO respectively. The mean daily intake of protein by patients was 77.90g which contributed 15.30% of the total daily energy intake. Carbohydrate was 281.44kg (1125.79kcal), contributing 52.7% of the total daily energy consumed. The mean daily fat intake of patients was 77.23g (695.07kcal), contributing 32.65%. The micronutrient intake of diabetics (male and female combined) was adequate for vitamin A, C, thiamine and calcium. The iron intake of the male diabetics was 156.02% of the FAO/WHO requirement while that of female diabetics was 80.80%. Other micronutrients such as niacin and riboflavin were less than 100% FAO/WHO requirement for both males and females (63.90% and 88.50%) and (39.62% and 52.91%) respectively. The overall dietary intake of the in-patient diabetics was adequate for energy and macronutrients for females, but close to adequate for the male diabetics. Intakes of micronutrient were adequate except for riboflavin and niacin.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON  NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF IN-PATIENT DIABETICS IN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ITUKU-OZALLA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA (HOME ECONOMICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS)