EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP STYLES AND IT'S IMPLICATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY
ABSTRACT
This research work titled ‘’Leadership Styles and their Impact on Organizational Productivity’’ using Obajana Cement Factory as a case study. The research work is divided into five chapters with the first chapter focusing problems which necessitate the exercise as well as the objectives and the significant impact of study. The chapter two which is normally termed as review of literature has to do with discussion of where relevant to the field being researcher into. Thus, attempt was made by the researcher at reviewing books, journals or prevails and attracts relevant to the topic in particular and Obajana cement factory Plc in general. In chapter three, the research methods employed by the researchers in gathering data includes both primary and secondary methods as well as random sampling techniques for analyzing response receiving from the field. A research population sample of thirty (30) human elements drawn from both the organizations leadership and staff were chosen for the study and upon who are analyzed, discussed and findings deductively summarized. Finally, the last chapter is summary conclusion and recommendations where stating points as adduced in chapter two and three of the write up are re-emphasized thereafter recommending possible ways/means of solving leadership problems.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The success or failure of any organization be it at home level, private company, government or an educational institution depend on how it is managed. This means that there must be capable hands at the top to coordinate the efforts of the subordinates towards the attainment of the individual and for organizational goods. The coordination of efforts based on an effective system of communication which has to flow freely within and between all sectors of the organization. However, the ones is on the organization’s leadership to ensure that these objectives are achieved. One of the most leadership. Important roles to be played are that of leadership. Although, the people at the top are addressed by different names like managers, directors, sole administrators, if certain yet their functions remains basically the same i.e the management of available human and specific resources towards the attainment of specific goals.
The organization image depends on how effective it is managed and administered. Hence, these are need for authority structures defined according to roles and objectives of the organization. It is the authority structures that invariably steers, guides, directs, coordinates and indeed pilot the affairs of the organizations. By implication, there, the success or otherwise of the organization to a large extent depends on these structures. This contention is incomplete without Lucky, R. (1986) when she said ‘’the styles of supervision are more important in achieving better results than any more general factors such as job interests and loyalty towards the organization therefore, authority structures (leadership styles) are the subject of investigation. In this research study, meanwhile, leadership can be conducted on leadership have concluded that the style of leadership depends on three factors. The individual subordinates characteristics as well as the characteristics of the group and the situation in which the leader finds himself. The nation’s premises and gigantic Obajana Cement Factory Plc. Kogi State located in Obajana Lokoja local government of Kogi State.
It is in view of the negative effects of leadership styles and their implications on organizational productivity that I am prompted to carry out research in the field work is a furtherance of such other research done in this field. It is equally aimed at analyzing the causes of industrial disharmony and its negative impact on the productivity of an organization concerned. Obajana Cement Company Plc, Kogi State is used as a case study because, the company constitute the nucleus of the industrial base of Kogi State.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEMS
The personality of the styles adopted, the situation under which he separate and above all the subordinates he/she deals with influences the organization leadership drives in achieving maximum efficiency and effectiveness of real goals for which the organization was established. Modern administrative leadership especially those in public organization faces problems of varying degree and magnitude in public organizations obviously have problems of ineffective leadership based on the fact that many of the subordinates are not given formidable examples to follow. For instance, while some leaders have patience and tolerance for ambiguity in dealing with their subordinates while, some play truancy when it comes to control and guidance.
In the private sector, promotion, placement and selection process are sometimes inconsistent and selection process are sometimes inconsistent with set down rules and regulations, these assertions, one can authoritatively say that there is lack of seriousness towards official responsibilities, improper guidance, supervision and control exercised on the subordinates. It therefore means that when the right calibres of staff are occupying the right officers/positions definitely these are every tendency to succeed and vice versa.
Finance like blood that runs through vain is the backbone of any organization under consideration like other public corporation in Nigeria faces problems of inadequate funds to execute us laudable objectives. Coupled with these facts is the inconsistency in policy implementation on the part of the management in particulars and the government in general. Furthermore, the recognition is not an exception of the activities of industrial union in Nigeria. At times, the activities of industrial unions as a result of managerial lapses pose serious problems to the organization. In most cases, issues are not usually concluded through negotiation and or dialogue thus constituting challenge to the organization undoubtedly, the outcome of such irreconcilable interests is as exemplified in the series of industrial activities witnessed in recent times. It is on these notes that the researcher deemed it fit to venture the adventure of discovering the root cause, recommending means of improving the organization’s productivity and proffering lasting solutions to these challenges.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Does leadership style has any adverse effect on the level of production in your organization?
Is leadership style an automatic one that can be effectively and efficiently coordinate in your organization
Does growth prospect have direct link with the leadership style in your organization?
Does growth prospects irrespective of the leadership style subjected to situational factor in your organization?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objective of the study amongst other is to critically look into the authority structure of the organization leadership, in other words, the study is aimed at finding out whether the style of leadership at the said organization constitutes to the efficiency and effectiveness of the production process and the staff in particular. Other salient aims and objectives include the following:
Evaluate the leadership styles of both past and present management leadership.
To state the extent to which the leadership and hint have been able to relate with their subordinates.
To determine the managerial responsibilities of managers and/or directors of the organization and low effective. They carry out such responsibilities.
To identify problem areas of leadership that hinders effective organizational management.
To make recommendations in low best to achieve higher productivity through effective leadership style.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The research study is of importance to all organizations and Obajana Cement Factory in particular. All organization either public or non governmental have leaders with varying degree of approach to leadership styles and roles performed more importantly the study helps in determining how well these roles are carried out as regards to their duties which could either stabilize or de-stabilized productive organizations. Meanwhile, the study is very relevant and timely especially as modern organizations are becoming more complex and sophisticated. The researchers strongly believe that the study can lead to the understanding of general administration in organization; thereby indicating areas of weaknesses and strength which either militate or help in achieving effective leadership within the hierarchical structures of an organization.
Finally, it will also helps in correcting some anomalies and imbalances in the leadership styles and suggesting ways of improving on them. Consequently, by so doing, it helps in inculcating in them the ability to identify what it takes to be a leader and the ideal theories of leadership, roles, qualities and behaviours/styles to be adapted. Lastly, the wrong notion held by many persistent leadership shall be corrected in their study.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research study is entitled ‘’leadership styles and their implication on organization productivity’’ and it is limited to Obajana Cement Factory, especially the intension of the researcher is to examine deeply the management styles of one of the nations cement factory locates in Obajana Lokoja local government area of Kogi State and perhaps evaluate their inputs on the organization productivity. As an academic exercise, the study especially sampled the organization leadership and staff as population to be considered in the course of the study. This is made so n the order to enable the researcher narrow down the study within a controllable or limit. More so, the study is made more relevant not because the company relies mostly on expatriates and firms like Dumex and Julius Berger in the construction and operation of the cement factory but how their on the departure of these expatriate will affect the organization productive capacity. (2007 to date).
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In a research study of this nature especially where the existence of the object of study is relatively new, one is bound to be confronted with various problems ranging from inadequate data lack of proper record keeping, inadequate fund, non-availability of key offices and sectional heads to grant interview, and the convenience of official bureaucracy in getting information from organization on of this nature. Obviously, such technical works of officials secret affect the free flow of information which would have been useful for deterred analysis of data. The researcher is particularly saddled with the problem of overlapping of time and period allocated for the research work with the actual academic exercise to parent details four of a large organization of this picture. Finally, the fact that human being are not hundred percent perfect the researcher is never an exception and therefore all the importations observed are solely mine.
CONCEPT CLARIFICATION/DEFINITION OF TERMS
Operational definitions of some technical concepts or terms are well defines so as to graphically dive home the impact of the study to the end users. Some of such terms are giving below:
LEADERSHIP: According to Cole, (1976), leadership is a dynamic process, at work in group whereby one individual over a particular period of time and in particular organizational context, influences the other group members to commit themselves freely to the achievement of the group tasks or goals.
ORGANIZATION: The process of putting people into jobs and grouping jobs together into departments whereby duties and responsibilities are delegated to qualified staff so that the works or functions of management are carried out as planned.
STYLE: This is a systematic manner/way of doing performing, presenting or carrying out leadership functions and/or roles in an organization.
IMPLICATION: The resultant consequences of any leadership style theory and type adopted. In other words, it is the outcome of whichever behaviour/ styles exhibited by the leadership of the organization.
PRODUCTIVITY: The ration of output of goods and services to the units of the resources. Hence, it is a measure of low well these resources are being utilized (1988:45)
1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
The research work is divided into five chapters with the first chapter focusing problems which necessitate the exercise as well as the objectives and the significant impact of the study. The chapter two which is normally termed as review literature has to do with discussion of where relevant to the field being researcherd into. Thus, attempt was made by the researcher at reviewing books, journals, or prevails and attracts relevant to the topic in particular and Obajana Cement Factory Plc in general. In chapter three, the research methods employed by the researcher in gathering data includes both primary and secondary methods as well as random sampling techniques for analyzing response receiving from the field. A research population sample of thirty (30) human elements drawn from both the organizations leadership and staff were chosen for the study and upon who are analyzed, discussed and findings deductively summarized.
