DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF SATELLITE TELEVISION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

A satellite dish is a kind of antenna designed to focus on specific broadcast source. The standard dish consists of a parabolic (bowl shaped) surface and a central feed horn known as the low Noise Block (LNB). To transmit a signal, a controller sends the signal through the LNB and the dish focuses the signal into a relatively narrow beam. The installation process consists of four main blocks (The signal source ,The transmission, The signal receiver and the output). A 60cm (0.6m) ‘Strong’ satellite dish was used in focusing the signal which is transmitted through the LBN and co-axial cable to the receiver. The satellite tracked is the Eutesat 16A with Orbital position of 60 degree East. The signal was tracked using a transponder frequency of 12.522 GHz and a symbol rate of 30000 ms/s with horizontal (H) polarization. The expected signal Eutesat 16A was successfully tracked and the output showed through the television set.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page – – – – – – – – – – i
Declaration – – – – – – – – – – ii
Certification – – – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – – v
Abstract – – – – – – – – – – vi
Table of Contents – – – – – – – – – vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Introduction – – – – – – – – – 1
Background of study – – – – – – – 1
Statement of problem – – – – – – – 2
Objective of the study – – – – – – 2
Significance of the study – – – – – – – 3
Limitation of the study – – – – – – – 3
Scope of the study – – – – – – – – 3

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction – – – – – – – – – 4
2.1 Early history – – – – – – – – 13
2.2 Beginning of satellite TV industry, 1976-1980 – – – 14
2.3 Further information; Television Receive Only – – – 15
2.4 1990s till date – – – – – – – – 17
CHAPTER THREE: BLOCK DIAGRAM
Block Diagram – – – – – – – – – 21
3.1 Electromagnetic waves – – – – – – – 22
3.2 Satellite dish [parabolic reflector] – – – – – 22
3.3 LNB and coaxial cable – – – – – – – 22
3.4 Finder meter – – – – – – – – – 23
3.5 Signal receiver [decoder] – – – – – – 23
3.6 Output [television set] – – – – – – – 23
3.7 Power supply – – – – – – – – 23
CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS AND INSTALLATION OF SATELLITES TELEVISION SYSTEM
Configuration – – – – – – – – – 24
Steps and procedures Involved in the Installation of Satellite
Television System (MyTV) – – – – – – – 25
4.2 Precautions – – – – – – – – – 25
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Testing Evaluation – – – – – – – – 27
5.2 Result – – – – – – – – – – 27
5.3 Conclusion – – – – – – – – – 27
5.4 Recommendation – – – – – – – – 27
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
References.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Entertainment and food are two things on which no one wishes to compromise. In today’s mechanical world, entertainment plays a vital role to sustain human being in this world. Before the introduction of electronic device, the major sources of entertainment for previous generations were watching street dances, drama and movie, going to theatre and hearing music. Cultural fusion and variety define the entertainment industry. The Indian entertainment industry has been experiencing steady growth over the years. The high profile economic growth and increasing income levels in the recent years have made the Indian entertainment industry one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy. The biggest and most constant source of entertainment is the television. It brings several emotions, teaches a subscriber moral lessons, shows facts, fictions, drama and reality and connects subscriber with the world, all with the touch of a remote. The developments in the television sector are cable Television (TV) and Direct Broadcasting Satellite (DBS) Television. Direct to home connects urban, rural and remote areas of the country and provides desire information communication, education and entertainment at the click of a button. Direct to Home Satellite (DHS) technology refers to the satellite television broadcasting process which is actually intended for home reception. This technology is originally referred to as Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) technology.

The technology was developed for competing with the local Cable Television (TV) distribution services by providing higher quality satellite signals with more number of channels. In short, DHS refers to the reception of satellite signals on a TV with a personal dish in an individual home. The satellites that are used for this purpose is geostationary satellites. The satellites compress the signals digitally, encrypt them and then are beamed from high powered geostationary satellites. They are received by dishes that are given to the DBS subscribers by DBS providers. Though DHS and DBS present the same services to the subscribers, there are some differences in the technical specifications. While DHS is used for transmitting signals from satellites at a particular frequency band (the band differs in each country), DBS is used for transmitting signals over a wide range of frequencies (normal frequencies including the KU and KA band). The satellites used for the transmission of the DBS signals are not part of any international planned frequency band. DHS has changed its plans over the past few years so as to include new countries and also modify their mode of transmission from analog to digital. But DBS is more famous for its services in both the analog and digital services which includes both audio and video signals. The dishes used for this service is also very small in size. When it comes to commercial use, DBS is known for its service providing a group of free channels that are allowed for its targeted country.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The need to provide television system with better receptivity, clearer images, clarity in sound and larger number of channels and services. India has seen promising entertainment and value for money with seven service providers.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The aim and objective of this project is to design and install a satellite television system with digital broadcasting for easy access to information and event across the globe as well as for entertainment.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Satellite television system is of great significance as far as life is concerned. The following are some few significance out of many.
It grants viewers access to vital information and event as live and direct as possible without necessarily travelling or changing location. E.g BBC, CNN, NTA, AIT, Ghana TV, Channels etc.
It helps the user to make Judicious use of his or her leisure time in entertainment e.g Trace TV, Silverbird, Nollywood channels e.t.c.