CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
On-line activities have in recent past replaced virtually every form of transactions. This is because of the advent of the internet, which provides a global network connection for all such activities. With this technology, many institutions have their tentacles spread across the glob. In line with this trend, job search activities and job providers need to join the band wagon of the global community in shearing their information across the internet. The Project work is based on this notion.
A web portal, also known as a links page, presents information from diverse sources in a unified way. Apart from the standard search engine feature, web portals offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, information, databases and entertainment. Portals provide a way for enterprises to provide a consistent look and feel with access control and procedures for multiple applications and databases, which otherwise would have been different entities altogether.
Database is a collection of logically related files, organized in a manner to satisfy the needs of an organization. A database is a store of data structured so that access and update can be made by different people in different ways without needs to change its design or content for this to happen, it is essential that all data items are logically related.
Database is always necessary to store date items once, because of it, input cost are lower. Duplicate letters are largely dominated thereby saving space and ensuring data consistency. Data is defined as an unprocessed facts. They are raw fact that are unprocessed. Data does not have meaning. Information are processed data through the computer, which process different type of information. Information in the computer is stored in codes. File is the collection of related filed, field is the collection of data items.
Database management system are important, because important information requirement and non-specialist need easy ways of accessing this information. Large amount of data with many types of records occurring many times in database management system. Also in database management system, complex data structures including many relationships between data items. Many organization will have many use requirement in data base management system. Organizations will also have many frequent demand for changes to be made which only unflexible database management system can cope with.
Data is viewed as a source to be shared by as many process as possible. As a result, data must be organized in a way that is flexible and adaptable to un anticipation requirements. The data which they stored in anticipation of requests, and the requests themselves. Data may be stored as references to documents, microforms or computer coded text, graphics etc. the service may be offered on a local basis or through a telecommunication network. Database system may be operated by organizations for their own benefit or offered to the public on a subscription basic. The output from database services is either a document or computer data presented, say, on a video display unit or a voice output.
The main purpose of database is to satisfy the user information needs. The way in which these needs are expressed largely determined the principles of operation of a particular database system.
Perhaps the most straight forward request for database is when the user supplies a complete reference for a document. The job of the service then is to locate a copy of the document and deliver it to the user. This is usually referred to as document retrieved service. It may be aided by computers in compelling the index to the documents in store, and in physically locating a required document as in a computerized warehouse.
More after then not, however, database need are expressed in terms of a request for data such as, how many patient are being admitted monthly in a hospital? Or what kind of sickness of a patient? To answer such questions reference must be made to records stored either in printed form or as computer coded data. The first of there is often refered to as information retrieval, the later as database search, when the index to the printed record is computerized.
The database distribution system, with the added facility of storage at computer coded text, offer one approach to reducing, the physical size of records, and to mechanizing their search and retrieval the records unfortunately, first have to be converted into computer compatible form, and can be consulted only after reconversion via some printing or display device.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Individual websites need to be created so that clients can access their desired information directly.
The use of metadata and ontologies will enable to model the company organization and to relate these concept to the information.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The practical objective of this work is to design and implement an online recruitment portal. One of the most important objectives of this project is to contribute to academic research work while the subsidiary objectives include;
· to help employers to post their job offers online and search their database to find people who best suit their vacant job positions.
· providing the possibility for job seekers to build their curriculum vitae (CVs) online, look for new job opportunities in industries and organizations, get e-mail notifications of interesting job vacancies and apply directly through the website.
· to help organizations attract, test, recruit, employ and retain quality staff with minimal amount of administration.
· to reduce or totally remove IM that goes amongst the recruitment agents or personnel managers.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
If this prototype is fully developed will be very useful in many areas such as:
a. It will ease the work of the personnel department of the any organization.
b. It will create more employment opportunities for our youths.
c. The government can also review and deploy it to other sectors.
d. Private individuals can also find it interesting
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project will go as far as deploying web technologies in the implementation. Dreamweaver will be use as the major development tool. Database connection using MySQL will extensively be covered in this work.
Studies were carried out in the various institutions that conduct interviews and recruitments. The scheme used is closed tag to the information collected at the point of this research. All forms and database designed followed the pattern of the manual means by the employers of labour.
This project was deployed using a local sever, which runs on a stand alone Pc and not deployable to the internet.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study was limited by several factors, of which some posed serious constraints towards the development of the project. One of the major drawbacks was due to financial incapacitation. This is among other frustrations such as program failures during modular construction stages.
In ability to procure personal internet access for uploading made it difficult for the deployment at testing stag.
Again was the distance and availability of research materials. It was absolutely difficult to source most of the important information needed for this work. For instance, collection of information that helped me to develop the forms and database was another serous issue.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS / VARIABLES
RECRUITMENT: This refers to the process of attracting, screening and selecting qualified people for a job at an organization or firm.
WEB: This refers to a vehicle for accessing and sharing of information.
SERVER: A computer or program managing access to a resource or service in a network.
PORTAL: A web application that is designed to represent a ton of information in a concise and centered way thereby making the internet easier to use eg. Yahoo.com, Netscape.com, etc.
ONTOLOGY: Ontology in computer science and information technology is a formal representation of the knowledge by a set of concepts within a domain and the relationship between those concepts.
METADATA: This is loosely defined as data about data. It is a concept that applies mainly to electronically archived data and is used to describe the definition, structure and administration of data file with all contents in context to ease the use of the captured and archived data for further use.
SQL: Structured Query Language is a database computer language designed for managing data in relational database management system (RDBMS) and originally based upon relational algebra. It scope include data query and update, schema creation and modification, and data access control.
DATABASE: This is designed to offer an organized mechanism for storing, managing and retrieving information.
