DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR USING GSM MODULE

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR USING GSM MODULE

ABSTRACT

The aim of this project works is to Design and Construct a Microcontroller Based Liquefied Petroleum Gas leakage Detector system using GSM Module, a system capable of detecting if there is gas leakage and sends messages to specified number informing them about the leakage without any time delay.

This design work was achieved by using a gas sensor which monitor and detect if there is a gas leakage, and a microcontroller which is programmed to send the necessary information to a GSM module and the information is sent to a specified number via the GSM module if there is a leakage. The system also has a backup battery to keep it working when there is power failure.

The circuit was constructed and tested by spreading small amounts of LPG near the gas sensor, the system detects the gas and sends a short message, “Gas leakage at Ugbomro pipeline 10meters from flow station” to a specified mobile number.

INTRODUCTION

MQ-5 semiconductor sensor is Combustible Gas Sensitive. The MQ-5 gas sensor is made up of SnO2 which has lower conductivity in clean air. A simple electro-circuit is used here which is used to convert the changing conductivity into corresponding output signal of gas concentration. Both Methane and Propane can be detected easily by MQ-5 sensor because it has high sensitivity towards Methane, Propane and Butane. It is a low cost sensor suitable for different application.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR LPG GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR
LGP Gas Detector Block Diagram
Block Diagram for Gas Leakage Detector
BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
MICROCONTROLLER
It is the heart of the project. It is used to control the Exhaust fan, LED and Buzzer when LPG leakage occurs. The input/ output ports of the microcontroller are used for this purpose.
MQ-5 LPG SENSOR
This sensor is used to sense the leakage of LPG. In normal conditions the output of this sensor is ‘high’ and it goes ‘low’, when the LPG is sensed.
EXHAUST FAN
The LPG is pushed out into the environment using an exhaust fan which reduces the concentration of LPG near the leakage area.
Buzzer
The leakage of the LPG is indicated by using the buzzer. It is 12 V DC operated buzzer.
LED
The leakage of the LPG is indicated by using the LED. It is 1.2 V DC operated LED.
MQ-5 LPG Gas Detector Module
MQ-5 LPG GAS DETECTOR MODULE

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR USING GSM MODULE