CONSTRUCTION OF A UHF ANTENNA (YAGI)

CONSTRUCTION OF A UHF ANTENNA (YAGI)

ABSTRACT

An antenna is a device to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic waves (often referred to as radio waves).  Antennas also radiate energy as possible because radiation is the primary function of the transmitting antenna.  This Yaghi antenna constructed can operate with the range of UHF cannels or band.  It has a high gain factor that can be in all channels such as UHF and VHF.  The Yagi antennas have better selectivity.

Aluminum rod of 0.86m was used in the construction of this antenna a 75 n_ coaxial cable, BNC plug, screws and support grip were used in the construction.  They were separately cut to required measurements.  One wire of the coaxial cable was joined to the dipole, the others to the parasites (directors and reflectors).  The spacing between the parasites and the dipole is 0.15 λ.  The constructed antenna (Yagi antenna) was tested with a television set and it received UHF and VHF transmitted by Enugu State Broadcasting Service and Nigeria Television Authority.

Due to the omni directionality of the Yagi antenna, it was tuned too particular transmission area to have a better selectivity.  The antenna has to be tuned to the transmission line to bring a clear reception.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Certification

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of contents

Table of figures

CHAPTER   ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1     Statement of problem

1.2     Aim and objective of the study

1.3     Justification of the study

1.4     Limitations of the study

CHAPTER   TWO

2.0     Literature review

2.1     Brief history of the antenna

2.2     Types of antenna

2.3     Functions of the antenna

2.4     Parameters of the antenna

CHAPTER   THREE

3.0     Materials and methodology

3.1     Materials

3.2     Specification

3.3     Construction

3.4     Diagram

CHAPTER   FOUR

4.0     TESTING AND OBSERVATION

CHAPTER   FIVE

5.0     CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

BIBIOLOGRAPHY

TABLE   OF   FIGURES

FIGURE ONE               –        SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE

ELEMENTS

FIGURE TWO               –        A DIPOLE ANTENNA AND IT’S RADIATION

PATTERN

FIGURE THREE           –        COMPONENTS OF THE YAGI ANTENNA

FIGURE FOUR             –        THE CONSTERUCTED YAGI ANTENNA

CHAPTER   ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

According to Guglielino (1895), a twenty-year-old Italian inventor who crated a device that transmitted and received electromagnetic radio waves over a one-kilometer distance defined an antenna as a device, which transmits and receives electromagnetic waves (often referred to as radio waves).  Later, improvement to his antenna work and development of a crude amplifier enabled him to receive a British patent for his wireless telegraph.

The Yagi antenna was invented at Tohoku University in Seudai Japan by Shintara (1926), his findings were later translated by his teach (Robert, 1928).  He also came out with what he called the central concept of the Yagi – uda antenna named “Mutual Coupling”.  It was further explained that the occurrence of this concept is as a result of two element coming close enough together that energy is transmitted or excited between the two elements and thereby induces current in the other elements.

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