CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME (A CASE STUDY OF ODIGHI EDO STATE). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME (A CASE STUDY OF ODIGHI EDO STATE)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ——————————————————————–4

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION————————————————————-5

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ——————————–6
• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ——————————8
• RESEARCH QUESTIONS——————————————-9
• AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ——————-9
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ——————————-10

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1. CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION ————————————11

2.2. CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION ———————–32

2.3. STRATEGIES TO REDUCING DEFORESTATION ————38

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ——————————————48

3.1. RESEARCH DESIGN ————————————————–48

3.2. POPULATION OF THE STUDY————————————48

3.3. SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE ———————–49

3.4. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT —————————————–49

3.5. VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENT ————————————–50

3.6. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION ——————————50

CHAPTER FOUR

ANALYSIS OF DATA AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1. SUMMARY —————————————————————–57

5.2. RECOMMENDATION ————————————————–57

5.3. CONCLUSION ————————————————————58

REFERENCE

APPENDIX

TITLE PAGE

ABSTRACT

This study was intended to evaluate the consequences of deforestation on rural household income. This study was guided by the following objectives; to find out the causes of deforestation in Odighi in Edo state, to examine the consequences of in rural household income, to determine the strategies of reducing deforestation.

The study employed the descriptive and explanatory design; questionnaires in addition to library research were applied in order to collect data. Primary and secondary data sources were used and data was analyzed using simple percentages which was presented in frequency tables and percentage. The respondents under the study were 50 respondents including farmers, hunters and staff of agricultural and forestry department in Odighi Edo state, Abuja branch. The study majorly focuses on the consequences of deforestation on rural household income.

The study findings revealed that deforestation negatively affects rural household income in Odighi Edo state; based on the findings from the study, efforts should be made by the Nigerian government and stakeholders in promoting tree planting and preservation.

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.  Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees are cut down to be used or sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of charcoal) or timber, while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities and settlements. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Subsistence farming is responsible for 48% of deforestation; commercial agriculture is responsible for 32% of deforestation; logging is responsible for 14% of deforestation and fuel wood removals make up 5% of deforestation.

Other causes of contemporary deforestation may include corruption of government institutions, the inequitable distribution of wealth and power, population growth and overpopulation, and urbanization. Globalization is often viewed as another root cause of deforestation, though there are cases in which the impacts of globalization (new flows of labor, capital, commodities, and ideas) have promoted localized forest recovery.

Deforestation is a contributor to global warming, and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect. Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20% of world greenhouse gas emissions. In deforested areas, the land heats up faster and reaches a higher temperature, leading to localized upward motions that enhance the formation of clouds and ultimately produce more rainfall.

CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME (A CASE STUDY OF ODIGHI EDO STATE)