Abstract
This research investigation in to the budgetary control as a tool for effective management of resources with general hospital Owerri, Imo state as a case study. The research is a deliberate investigation by the researcher to find out if actually the appraisal of management performance is based on the budgetary analysis, the extent to which the officers- in-charge of budget centers account for their responsibility and whether variances are built in to the incentives or disciplinary system of the institution. This research was carefully carried out and conclusion reached for the reader to properly comprehend and appreciated this project work. Samples of 30(thirty) workers were drawn from the organization. Questionnaire was used to collect the data that was analyzed by frequency by using chi-square. Finding from the study shows that budget has relationship as in basis of controlling cost, low level of revenue generation has relationship in setting unrealistic target. Further finding indicated that problems of budgets in the institution can be solved. To further improve on the situation, it was recommended that there should be budget education and should be based on management by objectives (MBO), which is a situation where by everybody in the organization will participate in budget formulation. There should be a taskforce instituted to check and detect fraud on the part of budget implementation.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
Approval ii Certification iii
Dedication iv Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of content v
CHAPTER ONE
- Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study
1
1.2 Statement of the problem 2
1.3 Objective of the study 3
1.4 Research question 4
1.5 Significance of the study 5
1.6 Scope of the study 6
1.7 Limitation of the study 7
1.8 Definition of terms 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review 9
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Nature of budgeting and budget 11
2.3 Budgetary control system 12
2.4 Features of budgeting control system 13
2.5 Basic
concept of budgeting and budgetary 14
Control
2.6 Types of budget for planning and control
15
2.7 Innovation in the area of budgeting zero base 16
Budgeting
(ZBB)
2.8
The need of a budgetary control 17
2.9 Essential of a budgetary control system 18
2.10 Summary of the overall literature review 19
CHAPTER THREE
- Research design and methodology 20
3.1 Introduction
20
3.2 Research design 21
3.3 Sources / methods of data collection 22
3.4 Population and sample size 23
3.5 Sample Techniques 24
3.6 Validity and reliability of measuring
instrument 25
3.7 Method of data analysis 26
CHAPTER FOUR
- Presentation and analysis of data 27
4.1 Introduction 27
4.2 Presentation of Data 28
4.3 Analysis of data 29
4.4 Interpretation of result 30
CHAPTER FIVE
- Summary/conclusion and recommendation 31
5.1 Introduction 31
5.2 Summary of findings
32
5.3 Conclusion 33
5.4 Recommendations 34
Area of further research
References
Appendix/Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
A government budget is blue print which clearly outline government expenditure vis-à-vis government revenue and retains plans ahead, etc. consequently, nations plans ahead in terms of revenue and expenditure within a specific period of time, so as individual or an state conceptualizes anticipated revenue and disbursement within a specific period of time.
Every
organization whether economic, social, political, public or private sector has
set out objectives ,they make plans for
future. Since every organization has
set out objectives, the way it tend to achieve these objectives
could be the maximization of profits, prove services and
Minimization of cost. Each organization has to plan in
order to meet such objectives and budgeting is part of planning, some
organization liquidate due to poor planning,
while some others fail due to poor budgeting control techniques.
The realization of organizational objectives requires the
requisition and utilization of both human and material resources. to achieve this objective, the organization
tries to economize or manage its scarce resources and
produce
a
means of achieving its pre-determined goals. As a result of these scarce
resource, it is very essential that organization has to determine the most
effective way of reducing cost of production
while maximizing its production .
modern business management requires the
use of some techniques in the formulation
and adoption of plans (good tools and system) with a view to achieving set out
goals. Such tools and systems include budgeting, variance analysis and budgetary control.
The process setting goals or objectives to be achieved by some future point in time and determine there goals are to be reached is described a planning while the process of translating the planning into financial target can be described as budgeting. The term budgeting and accounting in which all operations are forecasted in advance and actual results championed with budgeted and differences slipped and explained. Budgetary control techniques here help ed many organizations since the success of any organization depends on the planning and execution of budget plans.
According to lucey(1984)p.23, budgeting can be defined as the process of preparing a short term and detailed plan of activities of an organization and converting the strategies long term plans into action. The degree of importance attached to this plan and the effort made in controlling the deviation from the planned performance differ among business and government and between private and public corporations. Some organization especially government parastatals view budgeting as a mere accounting tool, which a meant to be exceeded. The department heads in government parastatals believe to get more money (allocations) in the next budget the present allocation must be fully utilized whether reasonable or unreasonably.
BUDGETARY CONTROL AS A TOOL FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES A CASE STUDY OF GENERAL HOSPITAL OWERRI IMO STATE)
