ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF GARLIC AND GINGER EXTRACTS

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF GARLIC AND GINGER EXTRACTS

ABSTRACT

Garlic (Alliums Sativum) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is hardy perennial of Asiatic origin, belonging to the plant family liliaceae. They are grown in northern Nigeria as medicine for both human and animals. They are primarily used for seasoning and also for its medicinal property. Anti-microbial activities of garlic and ginger were carried out using the following microorganisms: staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes.

The media used in culturing them was blood agar. When the organism was at exponential phase of growth, extracts of ginger and garlic were made using decoction method. The extracts was placed according to the two demarcated division made on the plates. And was allowed for 24hrs of incubation, then after that, observation was made from the plates. From the observation, it was discovered that both microorganism were sensitive, but their degree of sensitivity of staphylococcus aureus is slightly more than that of streptococcus pyogenes after sub culturing. Conclusively, we encourage or advise people seriously to go more in adding this species in of their meal. This is because; they contain so many active ingredients, which resist the activities of microorganism.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Certification

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1            Background information and definition

1.2            Statement of problems

1.3            Aim and objectives of the study

1.4            Working hypothesis

1.5            Limitations of the study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE

3.0            Materials and method

3.1     Methodology

3.2     Impregnating the plate with extracts

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     RESULT

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     DISCUSSION

CHAPTER SIX

6.0            CONLUSION AND SUGGESTION

REFERENCE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Anti microbial substances are materials that have activity against bacteria. There are many plant materials that show anti-microbial activity against bacteria. Example includes garlic and ginger. Garlic and ginger are odourferous plants belonging to a plant family lilacace, with their botanical name Alliums Sativum and Zingiber Officinale respectively. They are grown in northern Nigeria as medicine for both human and animals. They are primarily used for seasoning and also for its medicinal property (Yamoda, 1979).

The medicinal potency of garlic and ginger are due to their sulphuric content believed to be responsible for their medicinal property (Blocll et al, 1985). Garlic contains a glycoside, vitamin B, C, and D allisatin II and I. It also contains volatile sulphur oil, which has a vermifugal action (i.e. chemical agent that expels worm).

Anti microbial substance show major and minor similarities and difficult to distinguish except through the use of sensitivity techniques that will show clearly those slightest differences among those substances. Anti microbial

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