AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF HAWKING AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN ORLU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF IMO STATE

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF HAWKING AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN ORLU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF IMO STATE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE    i

DECLARATION ii

APPROVAL PAGE     iii

DEDICATION   iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT     v

LIST OF FIGURE     vi

ABSTRACT      vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS     viii

CHAPTER ONE 1

INTRODUCTION      1

Background of the Study       1

Statement of the Problem     4

Scope of the Study 5

Purpose of the Study     5

Significance of the Study       6

Research Questions 7

Definition of Terms 7

CHAPTER TWO 9

LITERATURE REVIEW     9

Introduction    9

The Concept of Hawking 10

Types of Hawking   13

Features of Hawking      15

The Negative Effects of Hawking on the Child       17

Solution to the Hawking Effects     18

Summary of the Literature Review 18

CHAPTER THREE     21

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY    21

Introduction    21

Research Design     22

Area of Study  22

Population of the Study  23

Sample and Sampling Techniques  24

Instruments for Data Collection     26

Validation of the Instrument  26

Administration of Instrument 26

Method and Technique of Data Analysis 27

CHAPTER FOUR      28

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT       28

Research Question One and Table  28

Research Questions Two and Table 30

Research Question Three and Table      31

Research Question Four and Table 32

Research Question Five and Table  33

CHAPTER FIVE 35

DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY OF RESULT     35

Discussion of the Findings     35

Educational Implication of the Study     41

Limitation of the Study  43

Recommendation    44

Suggestion for Further Study 45

Summary and Conclusion of the Entire Study      46

REFERENCES   48

APPENDIX       49

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Hawking is the practice of carrying goods from one place or corner of the street to another which also includes motor parks. There are many occupations in Nigerians, these includes civil services, farming trading and so on. All these occupations have their different means for reaching their customers and consumers based on their environment.

The trader who is among the largest of all the occupational groups have different ways of reaching them will help them to dispose both perishable and non-perishable goods. Some of the ways they have devised to reach their consumers are through the medias, by roads, air and rail. Most time, Hausa’s try is reach their customers by using mature animals like camels and donkey is carry their goods from one market place to another.

Due to regular sales by the traders of different categories, it becomes necessary that permanent route has to be established where the customers and consumers will conveniently go for their purchases. Some of the traders who had no permanent structures to stay like shops and shadier in the market preffered carrying their goods on the head from one point to another.

In no distant time, soon after the Nigeria Civil War, the common practice of hawking spread downward like wildfire until it reached all areas in Nigeria. A lot of people embraced it because they felt it yielded them quick money. This practice of hawking dose not only involve the adults. It also involved children of primary school age. The parent of such children allow them to hawk such commodities like orange, mangoes, Akara, groundnut and even pure water. Some kids are sent out to hawk inorder to support the family. In some cases child hawking is seen as a norm and nobody sees anything wrong in it. The parents hawked when they were kids and claimed that their own parents hawked, so it is seen as a normal business in the family.

As a researcher, this hawking which is one of the surest means of ensuring that commodities reach consumers would have been good if it has not involved children of primary school age. The involvement of primary school age children has created a lot of problems in the families and society at large. It is child abuse.

Therefore, it is with this effects that instigated the researcher to carry out a research on the topic “the effects of hawking among primary school age children” using Orlu Local Government Area as a case study.

Statement of the Problem

Since many parents have resorted to use primary school age children to hawk inorder to make quick money without recognizing the evil effects. Since it takes much of these children’s time exposing them to doubtful characters and depriving them of regular attendance to school. It reveals that it is not favourable to primary school age children.

Although, it gives the customers quick and cheap services and it makes the traders get ready cash. Above all, the hawkers familianises with many homes and people. This attraction for quick money induces the parents to involve their primary school age children. Therefore, the researcher is carrying out this study to find out the effect associated with hawking among primary school age children in Orlu Local Government Area of Imo State and to proffer solutions.

Scope of the Study

The researcher’s work is directed to study “The Effects of Hawking among Primary School Age Children in Orlu Local Government of Imo State.

Emphasis will be on the key words of identifying the problems and finally the possible solutions. Based on this

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF HAWKING AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN ORLU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF IMO STATE