AN IMPROVED FAULT LOCATION ON POWER SYSTEM TRANSMISSION LINES USING FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH

AN IMPROVED FAULT LOCATION ON POWER SYSTEM TRANSMISSION LINES USING FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH

ABSTRACT

The problem of Electricity are enormous and can never be treated completely until the fault department (maintenance) are improved upon for urgent and rapid response to line faults.

The present protection scheme only isolates the lines in the event of faults, define the fault, but leaves no proper information about the location of the fault.

Faults must occur on both the transmission and distribution lines but, the problem is how fast can the fault be cleared when the maintenance team have to patrol the lines (ie from pole to pole and from tower to tower) looking for the fault(s). in this research, fault location based fuzzy logic is developed. This approach is motivated by the fact that the input impedance to which distinct.

The technique show the line operational data, rules that is simulated using fuzzy logic toolbox in MATLAB. By thid proposed fuzzy-set approach, faults can easily be located and treated (cleared) rapidity on both transmission and distribution lines.   

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1.  BACKGROUND

The reliable operation of large power systems with small stability margin is highly dependent on systems and protection devices. The application of microprocessor based (numeric) relaying protection has improved performance over time but, this has not led to a major impact on speed, sensitivity, and selectivity of primary protective relays. However decision making based on elements of artificial intelligence (AI) can, in my view, lead to a major impact in the aforementioned especially as quick fault removal in lines maintenance is concerned here.

1.2.  POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

Designing a fail-free power system, is neither economically justifiable nor technically feasible (Nagrath et al, 1994). Failure of apparatus due to surges or other causes leads to faults on a power system. Strictly speaking, a fault is any abnormal state of the system. In general faults consist of ‘short circuit’ (Stevenson, 1982). Open circuit faults pose potential hazards to personnel, but, they are less server that short circuit faults. Hence they (short circuit faults) must be removal from the system as fast as possible. In modern power systems, this short circuit fault removal process is done automatically, and the equipment that does it is called ‘protective system’ (Stevenson, 1982). This is a combination of transducers, relays and circuit breakers.

AN IMPROVED FAULT LOCATION ON POWER SYSTEM TRANSMISSION LINES USING FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH